STANDARDS ACT: SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION(CHAPTER 416 )

These Regulations may be cited as the Zambia Bureau of Standards (Standards and Certification Marks) RegulationsThese Regulations made under Act. No. 22 of 1982 (repealed) are continued in force by the provisions of section 15 of the Interpretation and General Provisions Act1.

2. Interpretation

In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires—

“authority” means the written authority obtained from the Bureau to apply a certification mark;

“authorised person” means a person who has been granted authority to use a certification mark;

“inspection” includes the process of examining and conducting of relevant tests by the Bureau to determine the conformity of any commodity with a declared standard.

3. Authority

The written Authority referred to in section 14(1) of the Act shall be in Form ZABS/1 set out in the Schedule.

4. Application for authority

An application for use or renewal of authority shall be in Form ZABS/2 set out in the Schedule.

5. Inspection

The Bureau shall not consider an application for an authority unless an inspector has been to the applicant’s premises and has together with the applicant completed Form ZABS/3 set out in the Schedule.

6. Condition of authority

(1) The authority issued by the Bureau shall be subject to the following general conditions—

(a) the authorised person shall comply with the general and specific conditions and scheme of supervision and control which the Bureau may issue from time to time;

(b) the authority shall not be transferable;

(c) costs incurred by inspectors, to determine whether commodities to which a certification mark has been applied fulfil the applicable requirements laid down by the Bureau, shall be borne by the authorised person to the extent specified in the scheme of supervision and control for the commodities listed in the authority;

(d) the right to use a certification mark applies only to the commodities listed in the authority;

(e) costs incurred in applying a certification mark shall be borne by the authorised person;

(f) the Bureau reserves the right to revise the procedures for marking standardised commodities;

(g) if the declared standard on which the authority is based is revised, the authority shall be valid only if the authorised person agrees to comply with the requirements set out in the revised declared standard;

(h) the authority shall be valid for one year from the date of issue unless earlier revoked.

(2) The Bureau shall impose any other conditions on the Authority as it thinks fit.

7. Periodic inspection

The Bureau shall periodically send an inspector to the authorised person’s premises and the inspector shall complete Form ZABS/4 set out in the Schedule.

8. Declaration of dispute

Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Bureau to grant authority may within twenty-one days declare a dispute by completing Form ZABS/5 set out in the Schedule.

9. Register of authorised persons and products

The Bureau shall keep a register of all authorised persons and the products in respect of which an authority has been issued

10. Inspection of register

Any person may, on payment of the appropriate fee, inspect the register.

FORM ZABS/1

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

STANDARDS ACT

STANDARDS (STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION MARKS) REGULATIONS

AUTHORITY TO USE A CERTIFICATION MARK

[Regulation 3]

No............................

This authority is granted to ………………………of …………………………………………………...to use the certification mark specified in Statutory Instrument No…………………of 19....................., and in respect of ………………………………………………….………………….commodity/process which commodity/process conforms to ……………………………………................…………………………declared standard or approved specification mark.

This authority is issued subject to the general conditions contained in the Zambia Bureau of Standards (Standards and Certification Marks) Regulations, 1987, and the following additional condition(s) ……………………………….....................................................................................................................................

Date............................................................

............................................................
Director

FORM ZABS/2

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

STANDARDS ACT

STANDARDS (STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION MARKS) REGULATIONS

APPLICATION FOR GRANT/RENEWAL OF AUTHORITY

[Regulation 4]

The Director, Zambia Bureau of Standards

1. Delete as applicable*I/We, carrying on business at ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….(full business address) under the name of …………………………………………………………................ (full name of individual or firm) hereby apply for GRANT OF AUTHORITY/RENEWAL OF AUTHORITY No ……………………. to use the certification mark in respect of the article/class of articles/process which conforms to the declared standard(s) listed below—

(a) Article……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Type………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...............

Size…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Grade……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Class of articles.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Type………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........

Size………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Grade………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Only one of the three items under (a), (b) and (c) may be covered by one application.
Delete the other two.

(d) Related declared standard(s)

No. ....................................... Title............................................

2. The above article(s) is/are manufactured by …………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………carried out ……………………(factory) on the premises situated at . …………………………………………..........................................................(address)

3. Production figures for the said article(s)/process and the value thereof to the best of my/our knowledge and estimates are as follows:

Year

Production

Unit

Value K

Last year from………………… ....to…………………….....

Current year from………………... to………………………

(estimates)

4. In order to ensure conformity of the said article(s)/process to the related declared standard(s)—

Delete as applicable*I/We have in use/propose to use the scheme of inspection and testing described in the statement attached hereto. Routine records of all the inspections and tests are being/will be kept in the form detailed in the statement. I/We further undertake to modify, amend or alter my/our scheme of inspection and testing to bring it in line with that which may be specified by the Bureau from time to time.

Delete as applicable*I/We have at present no scheme of inspection and testing in operation.

I/We, however, undertake to put in operation any such scheme as recommended by the Bureau.

5. Should any initial enquiry be made by the Bureau I/We agree to extend to the Bureau all reasonable facilities at my/our command and I/We also agree to pay all expenses of the said enquiry, including charges for testing, as and when required by the Bureau.

6. Should the authority be granted and as long as it will remain operative, I/We hereby undertake to abide by all the terms and conditions of the Bureau and the Regulations prescribed under the Act. In the event of the authority being suspended or cancelled, I/We also undertake to cease with immediate effect to use the authority and to withdraw all relevant advertising matters and to take such other steps as may be necessary to fulfil the provisions of the Act.

Dated this.................................day of………………………………………………………….

Signature…………………………………………………………………………………………

Name……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Designation………………………………………………………………………………………

For and on behalf of……………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………(name of firm)

FORM ZABS/3

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

STANDARDS ACT

STANDARDS (STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION MARKS) REGULATIONS.

PRELIMINARY INSPECTION REPORT

[Regulation 5]

No.................................................................

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Applicant’s name…………………………………………………………………………………………..

1.2 Address……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

1.3 Situation of factory…………………………………………………. Telephone No................................

1.4 Management Staff ............................................................Person(s) Contacted

(i)

(ii)

2. PRODUCTION INFORMATION

2.1 Product name

2.2 Applicable declared standard

2.3 Type……………………………………………Size ............................... Grade .........................

3. RAW MATERIALS

3.1 Raw materials used—

(a)…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

(b)…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

(c)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

(d)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.2 Sources of supply—

(a)…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(c)…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(d)…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3.3 Mode of receipt (batches, lots, nature of package)……………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.4 Test certificate of suppliers…………………………………………………………….....

3.5 Arrangement for testing as received……………………………………………………..

3.6 Details of sampling………………………………………………………………………..

3.7 Methods of disposal of sub-standard raw materials………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3.8 Record of tests with pro forma of records……………………………………………….

4. MANUFACTURE

4.1 Type/Grade being manufactured at the time of inspection—

(a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4.2 Description of process from raw materials to finished product stage…………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.3 Intermediate points where control has to be exercised………………………………………………………
………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.4 Details of records maintained and controls used……………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

4.5 Methods of disposal of sub-standard products………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4.6 Units of production…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4.7 Production per day or per shift…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. PACKAGING AND MARKING

5.1 Nature of package in……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.2 Quantity per packaging…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.3 Marking on article………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.4 Method of marking……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(printing, stencilling, embossing, etc.)

5.5 Form of label(s) if any………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5.6 Batch or code numbering for identification…………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. LABORATORY AND INSPECTION

6.1 Details of staff………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.2 Equipment and other facilities for complete specification testing…………………………………………...........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.3 Accuracy of instruments and arrangements for calibration………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.4 Any laboratory where the firm could test its products…………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………........

6.5 Records maintained in laboratory for routine tests…………………………………………………………......
………………………………………………………………………………..............................................................

6.6 Stages of processing where laboratory reports are made available………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..........................................................

6.7 Sampling and testing of end products…………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………...........................................................

7. SAMPLE

7.1 Type, size and grade of the sample…………………………………………………………………...............
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...........

7.2 Details of counter sample………………………………………………………………………………….........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...................

7.3 How sealed………………………………………………………………………………………………….........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….......................

7.4 Laboratory to which despatched…………………………………………………………………………...........
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................

7.5 Test results on a sample if tested in factory…………………………………………………………….............
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..................

7.6 Any further information regarding sample drawn…………………………………………………………..........
………………………………………………………………………………...............................................................

7.7 Information regarding sample of other type/grade applied for……………………………………………........
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....................

8. OTHER INFORMATION

8.1 Main buyers and selling price………………………………………………………………………....................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............

8.2 Storage facilities……………………………………………………………………………………………..........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........................

8.3 Hygienic conditions (in case of food products)………………………………………………………….............
………………………………………………………………………………...............................................................

8.4 Discussion with the firm on scheme of testing and inspection…………………………………………….........
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........

9. CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Signature…………………………………………………………Inspected by……………………………………

Date…………………………………………………….

FORM ZABS/4

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS ACT

STANDARDS (STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION MARKS) REGULATIONS

PERIODIC INSPECTION REPORT

[Regulation 7]

AUTHORITY NO……………………………………………………………………………..

1. AUTHORISED PERSON…………………………………………………………………

1.2 Address…………………………………………………………………………………..

1.3 Person(s) contacted…………………………………………………………………….

2. PRODUCT NAME………………………………………………………………………...

2.1 Date of inspection……………………………………………………………………….

3. PREVIOUS INSPECTION

3.1 Date…………………………………… Conducted by…………………………………

3.3 Conclusion and recommendation………………………………………………………

3.4 Action in advice rendered in previous inspection or otherwise asked for……………

4. Changes since previous inspection……………………………………………………....
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4.1 TECHNICAL………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Authority No…………………….....................

4.2 Administrative………………………………………………………………………………...........................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLE(S) BEING MANUFACTURED AT THE TIME OF INSPECTION

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………................................................................

6. RAW MATERIALS

6.1 Name of major ones*………………………………………………Supplier*……………………………………

6.2 Does the firm test the major raw materials or does it depend on test certificates from suppliers?
………………………………………………………………………………............................................................

6.3 Maximum and minimum values of principal requirements……………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………...........................

6.4 Disposal of sub-standard raw materials…………………………………………………………………………
……………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

7. PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY (from ………………………………………to.............................................)

7.1 Quantity produced…………………………………………………….

7.2 Quantity marked……………………………………………………….

7.3 Quantity unmarked……………………………………………………

7.4 Reasons for not marking ……………………………………………….……………………………………….................................................

7.5 Parties supplies to ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....

8. STORING, PACKING AND MARKING

8.1 Material held in stock……………………………………………………..

8.2 Condition of storing……………………………………………………….

8.3 Packing and marking on packages…………………………………… ..

8.4 At what stage is marking done (after or before test results are known)……………………………………………………………

*Attach list………………………………

Authority No……………………............

8.5 Any change in the marking procedure from approved one ……………………………………………………………………........................

9. PRODUCTION CONTROL

9.1 How is the control system operated? ..........................................................................................................................

9.2 Variation in test results for principal requirements (append test results, if necessary or if required by the instruction sheet for the standard) ………………………………………………………………………………………………........................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9.3 Are the test records maintained satisfactorily? ................................................................................................................................................................

9.4 What is the percentage of rejections, their reasons and manner of disposal? .................................................................................................................................................................

9.5 Whether the failure is due to inherent causes or chance cause………………………………….....
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....

10. TESTING IN FACTORY

10.1 Requirements tested with results (use laboratory pro forma) ………………………………………………………………………..............................................................

10.2 Comparison of results obtained with firm’s records ..………………………………………………………………………………….............................................

10.3 Comparison of results with the requirements of the specifications …………………………………………………………………......................................................................

10.4 Are the instruments used caliberated periodically? ...................................................................................................................................................................

10.5 Are the instruments used reasonably accurate? ....................................................................................................................................................................

10.6 Any addition in the existing testing equipment? ....................................................................................................................................................................

11. SAMPLES FOR INDEPENDENT TESTS

11.1 Number of samples drawn ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..........

11.2 From where sampled? ....................................................................................................................................................................

Authority No…………………….......

11.3 Code number/batch number/date of manufacture, etc., of the lot sampled and other markings ………………………………..........................................................................................................................

11.4 Test record of the batch from which sample is drawn ………………………………………….............
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

11.5 Samples brought in or left with the firm for despatch to testing laboratory ……………………………………………………….........................................................................................

11.6 Laboratory to which sample is sent/proposed to be sent …………………………………………………………………………...............................................................

11.7 Details of counter sample left with the firm ………………………………………………………………………………………….........................................

11.8 Any further information ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...........

12. FOOD ARTICLES (indicate the hygienic conditions maintained in the factory)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...............

13. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

13.1 Has the scheme operated satisfactorily for this period since last inspected? ........................................................................................................................................................................

13.2 Assessment of the operation of the scheme based on the present vis-a-vis past performance ………………………………...........................................................................................................................

13.3 Any discussion with the firm on any point of interest, e.g. any difficult in operation, irregularities observed in the operation .....................................................…………………………………………………………………

13.4 Any action to be taken including suspension …………………………………………………………………………………………...........................................

13.5 Any other observations/comments …………………………………………………………………………………………………….............................

File Ref.

Signature………………………

Date…………………………..

Authority No…………………

REMARKS OF THE REVIEWING OFFICER

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

FORM ZABS/5

THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

STANDARDS ACT

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION MARKS) REGULATIONS, 1987

DECLARATION OF A DISPUTE

[Regulation 8]

To: The Director, Zambia Bureau of Standards

*I/We, ..................................................................................................................................carrying on business at ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... (full business address) under the name of …………………………………………………………………………(full name of individual or firm) hereby, pursuant to the provisions of section 25(2) of the Zambia Bureau of Standards Act, declare a grievance stated hereunder: ..................................................................................................................... ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(Here state the facts concisely in numbered paragraphs)

*I/We, the said ...............................................………………………………………………………………..do hereby refer the said matters in grievance to the Arbitrators.

Dated this……………………………………………………..day of…………………………………….......................

Signature………………………………………………………

Name…………………………………………………………..

*Delete as applicable

Designation………………………………………………………..

For and on behalf of……………………………………………………………….(Name of firm)

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (CALIBRATION SERVICE) REGULATIONS

[Section 31]

Arrangement of Regulations

Regulation

1. Title

2. Interpretation

3. Categories of instruments and equipment to be calibrated

4. Documentation received with instrument

5. Re-calibration of measuring instrument

6. Information required

7. Calibration certificate

8. Penalty

FIRST SCHEDULE

[Regulations by the Minister]

SI 72 of 1994.

1. Title

These Regulations may be cited as the Zambia Bureau of Standards (Calibration Service) RegulationsThese Regulations made under Act. No. 22 of 1982 (repealed) are continued in force by the provisions of section 15 of the Interpretation and General Provisions Act1.

2. Interpretation

In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires—

“bureau” means the Bureau stablished by section 3 of the Zambia Bureau of Standards Act;

“calibration” means all stages of any process aimed at or determining the degrees of the errors of a measuring instrument, as well as, where necessary, for the purpose of determining other metrological properties;

“measuring instrument” includes any device such as a graduated rule, set of weights, equal-arm balance, U-tube manometer, clock, ammeter, and others intended for the purpose of measurement and which may reproduce one or more known values of a given quantity, or provide an indication of the value of the measured quantity of equivalent information or which combines these functions;

“metrology” means the field of knowledge concerned with measurements and includes theoretical and practical aspects of measurements, at whatever level of accuracy, and in whatever fields of science or technology they occur;

“primary standard” means a standard which has the highest metrological qualities;

“standard” means a material measure, measuring instrumentor system such as the one kilogram mass, standard gauge block, the 100 ohm standard resistor, the standard ammeter, the caesium atomic frequency standard and others, intended to define, realise, conserve or reproduce a unit or one or more known values of a quantity in order to transmit them to other measuring instruments by comparison;

“traceability” means the ability to trace the calibration of a measuring instrument to a more accurate and recognised standard.

3. Categories of instruments and equipment to be calibrated

(1) The Director shall, by notice, in the Gazette prescribe the categories of instruments and equipment which shall be calibrated by the Bureau and shall on that notice state—

(a) the date by which all instruments and equipment within that category shall be calibrated;

(b) the Standard to be used for calibration;

(d) the fee to be paid for calibration.

(2) Where a notice has been published under sub-regulation (1), the person responsible for the operation of the equipment or instrument affected shall deliver to the Bureau all relevant information in the approved form.

(3) A person who operates a prescribed equipment or an instrument which should have been calibrated but does so without a calibration certificate in respect thereof shall be guilty of an offence.

4. Documentation received with instrument

Every person who supplies a measuring instrument shall provide the user of the instrument with all the necessary documentation relating to the operation, servicing or repairing of the measuring instrument:

Provided that the documentation shall be in accordance with the existing standard for such documentation.

5. Re-calibration of measuring instrument

Every calibrated measuring instrument which is repaired or serviced shall, before being taken into use, be re-calibratred after such repair or service.

6. Information required

The Director may, by notice in writing, require a person to furnish information on any measuring or test instrument or piece of equipment within the period specified in the notice and a person who fails to comply with that notice shall be guilty of an offence.

7. Calibration certificate

(1) The Bureau shall issue a calibration certificate in respect of equipment or an instrument which has been calibrated and the certificate shall be in the approved form stating-

(a) the date and place of issue;

(b) details of the measurement results; and

(2) Where a calibration certificate has been issued, a calibration mark in the form shown in the First Schedule to these Regulations shall be affixed to the calibrated instrument.

(3) The Bureau shall seal access to adjustable devices on the calibrated instrument or equipment that are fixed at the time of calibration and a seal shall be so designed that any tampering with it shall destroy it.

8. Penalty

A person who commits an offence under these regulations shall be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred penalty units or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or to both.

[Am by Act 13 of 1994.]

FIRST SCHEDULE

[Regulation 7]

CALIBRATION MARK

Zambia Calibration Service

Instrument: Serial No.

Date Calibrated:

By:

Certificate No.

Recalibration due:

STANDARDS (COMPULSORY STANDARDS) (DECLARATION) ORDER

Paragraph

1. Title

2. Declaration of compulsory standards

3. Application of standards

FIRST SCHEDULE

SECOND SCHEDULE

SI 33 of 2009,

<BC:0,0,0,DC>SI 2 of 2012.

1. Title

This Order may be cited as the Standards (Compulsory Standards) (Declaration) Order, 2009.

2. Declaration of compulsory standards

The standards set out in the First Schedule to this Order are hereby declared as compulsory standards.

3. Application of standards

The standards set out in First Schedule shall apply to the respective commodities listed in the Second Schedule.

FIRST SCHEDULE

(Paragraph 2)

COMPULSORY STANDARDS ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Zambia Standard ZS 369

Automotive Gasoil (diesel fuel)—Specifications

1 Scope

This Zambian Standard specifies requirements for automotive gasoil (diesel fuel). It also specifies the requirements for low sulphur gasoil used in underground mines in the Republic of Zambia.

2 Normative Reference

In this Standard, reference has been made to the following standards:

ASTM D86 Test method for Distillation to the following standards:

ASTM D93 Test Method for Flashpoint by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup.

ASTM D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous material by Distillation.

ASTM D130 Test method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip tarnish Test.

ASTM D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity).

ASTM D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products.

ASTM D 524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products.

ASTM D 613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil.

ASTM D 664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration.

ASTM D 976 Methods for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels.

ASTM D 1298 Practice for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method.

ASTM D 1500 Test Method for ASTM Colour of Petroleum Products (ASTM Colour Scale).

ASTM D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure).

ASTM D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products.

ASTM D 2622 Test method for Sulphur in Petroleum Products by X-ray Spectrometry.

ASTM D 5453 Test Method for the Determination of Total Sulphur in

Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet Fluorescence.

ZS 396 Sampling Petroleum Products: Part 1 : Manual Sampling of Liquid Hydrocarbons

Note

ASTM - Methods published by the American Society for Testing and Materials,

1916 Race Street,

Philadelphia,

PA 19103,

USA.

3 Definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the following definitions apply.

3.1 Additive

A compound added to diesel fuel to improve either the performance or the storage stability or both.

3.2 Clear

Absence of moisture and suspended matter.

4 Requirements

4.1 GeneraI

4.1.1 The fuel shall be hydrocarbon oil derived from petroleum. This does not preclude the incorporation of small amounts of additives intended to improve some aspects of performance. The fuel shall be free from inorganic acid and from quantities of grit, fibrous material and other foreign matter likely to interfere with the operation of normal

equipment.

4.1.2 When Gasoil is tested in accordance with the methods of test given in Table 1, it shall be in compliance with the limiting requirements given in that Table.

4.2 Storage stability

When stored under conventional storage conditions for a period of 12 months after date of receipt, the fuel shall still comply with the requirements given in Table 1.

When the fuel is tobe stored for longer periods, the stability over a period exceeding 12 months shall be as agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser.

5 Packing and Marking

5.1 Packing

The condition of the containers, rail tankers and road tank vehicles shall be such as not to be detrimental to the quality of the fuel during normal transportation and storage. The containers shall be acceptably sealed and in addition shall conform to the Petroleum Act, Chapter 435 of the Laws of Zambia

5.2 Marking

5.2.1 The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each container or in case of diesel fuel filled into bulk storage tanks, in the storage and consignment documents of each road tank wagon or rail tank wagon:

(a) the suppliers’ and receivers’ name and address;

(b) the type of fuel, i.e, “Automotive Gasoil” or ALow Sulphur Gasoil;

(d) the batch/lot number.

5.2.2 The containers may also be marked with the Zambian Standard Certification Mark.

Note on the use of the Certification Mark

The Zambia Bureau of Standards is the owner of the registered certification mark shown below, the independent assurance that the product complies with the requirements of this Zambian Standard.

This certification mark may be used by manufacturers only under licence from the Bureau. Particulars of the conditions under which licences are granted may be obtained from the Director, ZambiaBureau of Standards, P.O. Box 50259, LUSAKA, 15101, Zambia.

ZS 369

Table 1
Requirements for automotive gasoil (diesel fuel)

Characteristics		Requirements	Test Methods
Specific Gravity, 15°C Appearance		0.820-0.870 Clear	ASTM D 1298 Visual
Colour, Max. Cetane Number,		3.5 46	ASTM D 1500 ASTM D 613
min. Cetane Index,		50	ASTM D 976
calc., min. Viscosity, at 40°C		2.00-5.50	ASTM D 445
cSt Cloud Point, °C,		4 5	ASTM D 2500
max. Sulphur, % mass		0 75	ASTM D
max.		2622/1552
Copper Corrosion 3 hrs at 100°C, max. Carbon Residue, 10% Bottoms,	1 0.15	ASTM D 130 ASTM D 524
max. Water, % Vol., max.	0.05	ASTM D 95
Sediment. % Vol., max.	0.01	ASTM D 1796
Ash, % Mass, max.	0.01	ASTM D 482
Flash Point PMCC, °C, min.	60 00	ASTM 93
Total Acidity, mg KOH/g, max.	1.00	ASTMD D 664
Distillation	at 360°C	90	ASTM D 86
Recovery, %, min.
	from 240-	50

310°C

The requirements of low Sulphur Gasoli are as specified for Automotive Gasoil except for the Cetane index and the Sulphur content which are as indicated below:

Sulphur, % mass, max: 0.5 Cetane Index, min.: 40

6 Methods of Test

For all characteristics, use the applicable method listed in column 3 of Table 1.

7 Sampling

7.1 Sampling from storage tanks

For the purposes of this standard, all sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant sections of ZS 396 and additionally as detailed in 7.2.

7.2. Sampling from fuel lines

7.2.1 Sampling cans. Sampling cans shall be of 5 litres capacity.

Note

Attention is drawn to the fact that sampling cans will need to comply with the statutory safety requirements for the classification, packaging and labeling of dangerous substances.

7.2.2 Preparation of cans. A stock of cans shall be kept solely for the purpose of taking fuel samples. Before use, all cans shall be checked to ensure they are sound and free from leaks. A fuel-resistant sealing washer in good condition shall be in position in the cap.

7.2 3 Procedure. From the discharge point, 5 litres of the fuel to be tested shall be carefully

drawn into a 5 litres can using a clean dry funnel. The screw cap shall be fully tightened and the can checked to ensure that there are no leaks.

Note

If more than 5 litres are needed, the operation should be repeated immediately and before the pump has been used for any other purpose.

7.2.4 Labeling and transport. Full and legible information relating to the source of the sample shall be attached to the can in such a manner that it will not easily become detached subsequently.

Note 1

If required, the sample may be sealed and labeled to maintain its legal integrity.

Note 2

If the sample has to be sent to the laboratory by public transport, it will be necessary to comply with the general regulations covering transportation of flammable materials, where appropriate, and with the requirements of the transport authority concerned. Information on the appropriate procedures and type of packaging required should be obtained from the relevant transport authority involved.

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Zambia Standard ZS 380

Illuminating Kerosine—Specification

1 Scope

This Zambian Standard specifies requirements for Illuminating Kerosene for both domestic and industrial application.

2 Normative Reference

In this Standard, reference has been made to the following standards:

ASTM D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products.

ASTM D 130 Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish.

ASTM D 156 Test Method for Saybolt Colour of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chronometer Method).

ASTM D 1266 Test Method for Sulphur in Petroleum Products (Lamp

Method).

ASTM D 1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity) or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method.

ASTM D 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment Determination in

Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge.

IP 10 Test Method for Determination of Kerosene Burning

Characteristics B 24 Hour Method.

IP 57 Test Method for Smoke Point.

IP 170 Test Method for Flash Point B Abel Apparatus

(Kerosene)

ZS 372 Transportation of Petroleum Products: Operational

Requirements for Road Tank Vehicles - Code of Practice.

ZS 396 Method of Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Products

Part 1: Manual Sampling of Liquid Hydrocarbons

Note 1 ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials.

Note 2 IP: Institute of Petroleum.

3 Definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the following definitions apply:

3.1 Additive: A compound added to illuminating kerosene for identification or to improve

performance or storage stability.

3.2 Marketable: Acceptable smell for comfortable handling.

4 Requirements

4.1 General

4.1.1 The illuminating kerosene shall be hydrocarbon oil derived from petroleum. This does not preclude the incorporation of small amounts of additives intended to improve some aspects of performance. The kerosene shall be free from inorganic acid and from quantities of grit, fibrous material and other foreign matter likely to interfere with the operation of normal equipment.

4.1.2 When tested in accordance with the methods of test given in Table 1, illuminating kerosene shall be in accordance with the limiting requirements given in the table.

4.1.3 On Visual Inspection at ambient temperature, the illuminating kerosene shall be clear, bright and free from solid matter.

4.2 Storage stability

4.2.1 After conventional storage under normal conditions for a period of 6 months after the date of rec'eipt, the illuminating kerosene shall still comply with all the requirements of this Standard (other than the requirements for potential gum content).

4.2.2 In the case of illuminating kerosene that is to be stored for longer than 6 months, the storage stability of the fuel shall be such that in addition to complying with the requirements of

4.2.1, it shall comply with the gum content requirements as are agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser.

5 Packing and Marking

5.1 Packing

The condition of the containers, rail tankers and road tank vehicles into which the illuminating kerosene is filled shall be such as not to be detrimental to the quality of the fuel during normal transportation and storage. The containers shall be acceptably sealed and in addition shall conform to the Petroleum Act, Chapter 435 of the Laws of Zambia.

5.2 Marking

5.2.1 The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each container or in the case of illuminating kerosene filled into bulk storage tanks, with the storage and consignment documents of each road tanker or rail wagon as stipulated in ZS 372:

(a) the manufacturer’s name and address;

(b) the type of fuel as stipulated under the UN Code;

(d) the Transport Emergency Card (Tremcard); and

(e) the batch/lot number

5.2.2 The containers may also be marked with the Zambian Standard Certification mark.

Note on the use of Certification Mark

The Zambia Bureau of Standards is the owner of the registered certification mark shown below, the independent assurance that the product complies with the requirements of this Zambian Standard.

ZS 380

6 Test Methods

For all characteristics, the test methods listed in column 3 of Table 1 shall apply.

7. Sampling

7.1 Sampling from storage tanks

For the purposes of this Zambian Standard all sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant procedures of ZS 396and, additionally, as detailed in 7.2

Table 1.
Requirements for illuminating kerosene.

Characteristic	Requirement	Test Method
Specific gravity @15°C, max.	0.82	ASTM D 1298
Appearance	Bright and cleaar	Visual
Odour	Maretable	see 3.2
Saybolt colour, min.	+20	ASTM D 156
Total Sulphur, % mass, min.	0.20	ASTM D 1266
Copper Corrosion, 3 h at 100°C max	1	ASTM D 130
Flash Point, Closed Cup, Abel Pensky, °C nun.	38	IP 170
Smoke Point, mm, min.	20	IP 57
Char Value, mg/kg, max.	15	IP 10
Water and Sediments, % vol, max.	0.05	IP 74/82
End boiling point, °C 300	ASTM D 86
Note Domestic kerosene shall be dyed green while industrial kerosene shall be colourless.

7.2 Sampling fromfuel lines

7.2.1 Sampling cans of 5 litres and 1 litre capacity. The construction of the cans shall comply with the appropriate safety requirements for cans that are to hold highly flammable material. They shall be provided with screw caps incorporating a petroleum resistant washer in good condition. A stock of cans shall be kept solely for the purpose of taking illuminating kerosene samples.

7.2.2 Preparation of cans. New cans shall be rinsed with illuminating kerosene before being used, to remove any residual traces of oil left during manufacturing operations, and then allowed to dry. Before use, all cans shall be checked to ensure that they are sound and free from leaks.

7.2.3 Sampling procedure. From the pump nozzle, 5 litres of illuminating

kerosene shall be drawn carefully into a cool 5 litres can using a clean dry funnel. Immediately afterwards, this sample shall be decanted carefully into the requisite number of 1 litre cans, using a funnel, filling the cans within 15 mm of the brim.

If more than 5 litres are needed, the operation shall be repeated immediately and before the pump has been used for any other purpose. The screw caps shall be tightened fully and the cans checked to ensure that there are no leaks.

The sampling procedure shall not be carried out in direct sunlight.

Note 1 If carried out in direct sunlight, changes in fuel quality may occur.

7.2.4 Storage, labeling and transport. Samples shall be kept in a cool place and well ventilated although it is not necessary to keep them refrigerated.

Full and legible information relating to the source of the sample shall be attached to the can in such a manner that it will not easily become detached subsequently.

Note 1.If required, the sample may be sealed and labeled to maintain its integrity.

2. If the sample has to be sent to a laboratory by public transport, it will b e necessary to comply with the general regulations covering transportation of flammable materials and with the requirements of the transport authority concerned. Information on the appropriate procedures and the type of packaging required should be obtained from the transport authority involved

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Zambia Bureau of Standards ZS 395

Unleaded Petrol (Gasoline) for MotorVehicles—Specification

1. Scope

This Zambian Standard specifies requirements for unleaded gasoline (petrol) for motor vehicles.

2. Test and Sampling Methods

In this Standard, reference has been made to the following methods:

ASTM D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products;

ASTM D 130 Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test;

ASTM D 323 Test Method for Vapour Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method);

ASTM D 381 Test Method for Existent Gum in Fuels by Jet Evaporation;

ASTM D 525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method);

ASTM D 873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method);

ASTM D 1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables (Description only; tables published separately in 12 volumes);

ASTM D1266 Test Method for Sulphur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method);

ASTM D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific

Gravity) or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method;

ASTM D 2699 Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Motor Fuels by the Research Method;

ASTM D2700 Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Motor and Aviation Fuels by the Motor Method;

ASTM D 3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline;

ASTM D 3120 Test Method for trace quantities of sulphur in light

liquid petroleum hydrocarbons by oxidative microcoulometry;

ASTM D 3237 Test Method for lead in gasoline by atomic absorption spectroscopy;

ASTM D 3242 Test Method for total acidity in aviation turbine fuel;

ASTM D 3348 Test Method for rapid field test for trace lead in unleaded gasoline (colorimetric method);

ASTM 3831 Test Method for manganese in petrol by atomic absorption spectrometry;

[Ins by para 2(a) of SI 2 of 2012.]

ASTM D 4052 Test Method for density and relative density of liquids by digital density meter;

ASTM D 4057 Standard Practice for manual sampling of petroleum and petroleum products;

ASTM D 4177 Standard Practice for automatic sampling of petroleum and petroleum products;

ASTM D 4815 Test Method for determination of C, to C4 Alcohols and

Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in gasoline by gas chromatography;

ASTM D 4953 Test Method for vapour pressure of gasoline and Gasoline-oxygenate blends;

ASTM D 5059 Test Method for lead in gasoline by X-ray spectroscopy;

IP 243 Determination of sulphur content of petroleum products

- Wickbold Oxy-hydrogen Method

IP 336 Petroleum Products - determination of sulphur content

- Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Method

ZS 396 Sampling Petroleum Products - Part 1: Manual Sampling of Liquid Hydrocarbons

3. Definitions

For the puipose of this standard, the following definitions apply:

3.1 Acceptable: Acceptable to the parties concluding the purchase contract, in compliance with this Zambian Standard Order.

[Para 3.1 subs by para 2(b) of SI 2 of 2012.]

3.2 Additive: A compound added to gasoline to improve either the performance of the gasoline or its storage stability or both.

Note. Such compounds include alcohols and certain other

oxygenated compounds.

3.3 ASTM method: A test method published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.

[Para 3.3 rep by para 2(c); para 3.4 renumbered as para 3.3 para 2(d) of SI 2 of 2012.]

3.4 ZS: A Zambian Standard published by the Zambia Bureau of Standards;

[Para 3.4 ins by para 2(e) of SI 2 of 2012.]

3.5 IP —Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish Street, London WIM 8 AR, England.

3.6 IP method: A test method published by the Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish Street, London, W1M 8AR, England.

4. Requirements

4.1 General

4.1.1 The gasoline shall be a hydrocarbon fuel to which additives may have been added to improve its performance or its storage stability (or both) and shall be suitable for use in spark ignition internal-combustion engines other than aviation piston engines. The gasoline may also contain small quantities of harmless colouring materials to give it a distinctive appearance.

4.1.2 The oxygen content of petrol incorporating ethanol, higher Alcohols and other oxygenated compounds shall not exceed 3.7% (m/m).

4.1.3 The product when tested in accordance with the methods of test given in Table 1 shall comply with all the limiting requirements given in that table. At 20_C or at ambient temperature (whichever is higher), the product shall be clear and free from visible water, sediment, suspended matter and any other contaminant that can cause malfunctioning of equipment designed to use this type of fuel.

4.1.4 Acceptable Additives for the purposes of this Zambian Standard, the following are the acceptable octane enhancers:

(a) Methylcyclopent adienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT);

(b) Ferrocene; or

[Para 4.1.4 ins by para 2(f) of SI 2 of 2012.]

4.2 Storage Stability

4.2.1 After conventional storage under normal conditions for a period of 6 months after the date of receipt, the gasoline shall still comply with all the requirements of this standard (other than the requirements for potential gum content).

4.2.2 In the case of gasoline that is to be stored for longer than 6 months, the storage stability of the petrol shall be such that, in addition to complying with the requirements of 4.2.1, the gasoline complies with such other requirements as are agreed upon (see Annex A).

TABLE 1.
Requirement for Unleaded Petrol(Gasoline)

Characteristic	Requirement	Test method
Octane Rating
(a) Research Octnae number (RON), min	91	ASTM D 2699
(b) Motor Octane Number (MON), min	81	ASTM D 2700
(c) Motor Octane number (MON) for	83	ASTM D 2700
blends containing more than 2% (v) /v)
Colour	Yellow	Visual
Density at 20°C, kg/1	0.710-0.785	ASTM D 1298 ASTM D 4052
Distillation (a) Temperature, °C for
10% (v/v) evaporated, max.	65
50% (v/v) evaporated	77-115	ASTM D 86
90% (v/v) evaporated, max (b) End boiling point, oC, max (c) Residue, % (v/v), max. (d) Evaporated to 70°C (E70), % (v/v)	185 215 2.0 Report
Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP). kPa, max.	45-75	see 6.1
Flexible Volatility Index (FVI =RVP +0.7 E70 (a) FVI (Summer '), max	89	see 6.2
(b) FVI (winter¹), max.	94
Lead content g Pb/L, max	0.02	ASTM D 3116, D 5059, D 3237, D 3348
Induction Period, minute, min	360	ASTM D 525
Existent Gum Content, mg/100 mL, max	4	ASTM D 381
Pontial Gum (2.5 hr at 100°C), mg/1 OOmL, max	4	ASTM D 873
Manganese content, mg Mn/, max	25	ASTM D 3831, ASTM D3237
Iron, mg Fe/I.	Report	ASTM D 3831, ASTM D3237

[Para 4 Table 1 am by para 2(g) of SI 2 of 2012.]
Suphur Content, % (m/m), max.	0.10	ASTM D 1266, D 3120.IP 243
Copper Corrosion, 3 hrs at 50°C, max	1	ASTM D 130
Total Acidity²), mg KOH/g, max	0.003	ASTM D 3242
Oxygen Content³), % (m/m), max	3.7	ASTM D 4815
(1) Summer=September to 30 April (inclusive) Winter = 1 May to 31 August (inclusive) (2) Applicable to fuels only containing oygenates (3) Any alcohol blended into the fuel shall contain a minimum of 85% (m/m) ethanol with the balnce i-propanol and n-propanol, and only trace quantities of other alcohols. 3.7% (m/m) oxygen = approximately 20% (v/v) MTBE = appromatley 9.5%(v/v) ethanol Notes 1. For Octane Rating only one of the three parametere needs to be satisfied. 2. Ethers containing five or more carbon atoms molecule may be included up

Characteristic Requirement Test method '

to a maximum concentration as indicated in the standard.The oxygen content of the blend will be determined by method ASTM D 4815 (MTBE) and such othermethods that may be developed for other C5 esters.

1. ASTM D 1250 / IP 200 (Standard guide for petroleum measurement tables) should be used for correction of densites at 15°C and 20°C respectively

Packing and Marking

4.3 Packaging

The condition of the drums and bulk tankers into which the petrol is filled shall be such as not to be detrimental to the quality of the fuel during normal transportation and storage. Drums and containers shall be acceptably sealed and in addition shall conform to the Petroleum Act, Chapter 435 of the Laws of Zambia.

4.4 Marking

The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each container or in the case of gasoline filled into bulk storage tanks, in the storage and consignment documents of each road tanker or rail wagon:

(a) the suppliers’ and receivers’ name and address;

(b) the type of fuel, i.e. Unleaded Petrol (Gasoline);

(d) the batch/lot number.

5. Method of Test

For all characteristics, use the applicable method listed in column 3 of Table

5.1. Reid Vapour Pressure

5.1.1 When testing fuels containing no alcohol, use test method ASTM D323.

5.1.2 When testing fuel blends containing oxygenates in the form of alcohols or alcohol/ether mixtures, use test method ASTM D4953.

Note: When alcohol is present in fuel, the water introduced when test method

ASTM D 323 or IP 69 is used will extract some of the alcohol, causing low Reid Vapour Pressure values to be obtained.

5.2 Flexible Volatility Index (FVI)

The flexible volatility index is another parameter that characterises the

volatility properties of petrol, and is calculated using the formula:

FVI = RVP + 0.7 E70

where RVP is the vapour pressure in kilopascals; and E70 is the percentage of petrol, by volume, evaporated to 70°C

6. Sampling

6.1 Sampling from storage tanks

For the purposes of this Zambian Standard all sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant procedures of ZS 396 Part 1 and, additionally, as detailed in 7.2.

Note: Attention is drawn to the special precautions needed for

samples for the determination of Reid Vapour Pressure.

6.2 Sampling from petrol pumps

6.2.1 Sampling cans of 5 litres and 1 litre capacity. The construction of the cans shall comply with the appropriate safety requirements for cans that are to hold highly flammable material. They shall be provided with screw caps incorporating a petroleum resistant washer in good condition. A stock of cans shall be kept solely for the purpose of taking gasoline samples.

6.2.2.Preparation of cans. New cans shall be rinsed with gasoline before being used, to remove any residual traces of oil left during manufacturing operations, and then allowed to dry. Before use, all cans shall be checked to ensure that they are sound and free from leaks.

6.2.3 Sampling procedure. From the pump nozzle, 5 litres of gasoline shall be drawn carefully into a cool 5-litre can using a clean dry funnel. Immediately afterwards, this sample shall be decanted carefully into the requisite number of 1 litre cans, using a funnel, filling the cans within 15 mm of the brim.

The sampling procedure shall not be carried out in direct sunlight.

Notes 1. If carried out in direct sunlight, changes in fuel quality,

especially octane level, may occur.

2. A quantity of 1 litre is sufficient for the determination of octane

number and certain other tests but it is advisable to provide each laboratory with 2 litres of sample in case further work is needed; it is essential that these 2 litres be of identical material.

6.2.4 Storage, labeling and transport. Samples shall be kept in a cool place although

it is not necessary to keep them refrigerated.

Notes 1. If left in direct sunlight there is a danger that the cans will balloon.

Full and legible information relating to the source of the sample shall be attached to the can in such a manner that it will not easily become detached subsequently.

2. If required, the sample may be sealed and labeled to maintain its legal integrity.

3. If the sample has to be sent to a laboratory by public transport, it will be necessary to comply with the general regulations for the transportation of flammable materials and with the requirements of the transport authority concerned. Information on the appropriate procedures and the type of packaging required should be obtained from the transport authority involved.

ANNEX A

(Normative)

Notes to purchasers

A. 1 The following requirement shall be agreed between the supplier and thepurchaser:

When the petrol has been stored for a period exceeding 6 months, for any additional requirements for storage stability (see 4 2.2)

Annex B

(Informative)

B. 1 Materials Compatibility

It is recognised and accepted that there can be interactions (in the fuel system) between the materials used in the manufacturing and assembly of motor vehicles fuel systems, and the fuel supplied such that malfunctioning of components can occur. In order to minimise such risks, fuel suppliers and motor manufacturers have agreed that:

(a) the fuels supplied will, as far as is within reason and technically possible, be compatible with the fuel system component materials that have hitherto been used;

(b) the vehicle fuel system component materials will as far as is within reason and technically possible, be compatible with the fuels that have hitherto been supplied; and

(c) any significant changes to the fuel composition or to the fuel system component materials will be subject to test before introduction, to prove suitability for the purpose intended.

B.2 Deposit Control Additive

It is recommended that petrol that complies with the requirements of this standard contain a deposit control additive. Pumps dispensing such petrol should be so marked.

ANNEX C

(Informative)

W ater Tolerance T est

C. 1 Scope

Blends of petrol/alcohol/oxygenates can from time to time cause problems with wet/ dry corrosion. The water tolerance test determines the ability of such blends to retain water in solution or in a stable suspension at the specified temperature to which they are likely to be exposed in use.

C.2 Apparatus and materials

C.2.1 Glass measuring cylinder, of capacity 100 ml and fitted with a ground glass stopper

C.2.2 Micropipette (complete with disposable tip), of suitable capacity and capable of accurately dispensing a volume of 200 ul.

C.2.3 Water, distilled or de-ionised.

C.3 Procedure

Note— Conduct the test at a temperature of 20°C _± 2°C

C.3.1 Rinse the measuring cylinder (including its stopper) with the test sample and allow it to drain.

C.3.2 Fill the measuring cylinder up to the 100 ml graduation mark with the test sample and, using the micropipette, add 200 _1 of the water.

C.3.3 Stopper the measuring cylinder, shake vigorously for 1 min, and then inspect the test specimen for signs of phase separation.

C .3 4 Report the sample as having passed the test if no sign of phase separation or persistent haze is visible.

ANNEX D

(Informative)

Alcohol Content Test

D.l Scope

There may be need from time to time in the field to establish whether or not a sample

of petrol contains alcohol The alcohol content test is simple and quick and does not require

sophisticated equipment or specialist operator skills

D.2 Apparatus and materials

Ensure that all glassware used is (e.g. cleaned by flushing twice with acetone) and dry.

D.2.1 Glass mixing cylinder, graduated in millilitres and fitted with a ground glass stopper. The cylinder is capable of accepting a total volume of at least 125 ml with the stopper in place

D.2 2 Glass measuring cylinder, of capacity 100 ml

D.2.3 Ethylene glycol, analytical reagent grade, and that may contain, if so desired, a suitable concentration of a water soluble dye (e.g. 0 02 g of methyl violet per litre).

D 3 Procedure

D.3.1 Fill the mixing cylinder to exactly the 25 ml graduation mark with the

ethylene glycol (taking care not to wet the wall of the cylinder with the ethylene glycol) and, using the measuring cylinder, add 100 ml of the petrol under test.

D.3.2 Stopper the mixing cylinder, invert it and shake it back and forth 25 times in 15 s using strokes each if length approximately 25 cm.

D 3.3 Immediately thereafter, place the mixing cylinder on a vibration-free surface; allow the contents to settle undisturbed for 5 min, and then record, to the nearest 0.2 ml, the volume of the layer of ethylene glycol and alcohol at the bottom of the cylinder.

D.3 4 Calculate the difference between the volume of the layer of ethylene glycol and alcohol and the volume of the ethylene glycol used for extraction (i.e. 25 ml), and report it as the percentage by volume of alcohol in the petrol.

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Zambian Standard ZSEN 197: 2007

Cement—Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common Cements 1.Scope

EN 197-1 defines and gives the specifications of 27 distinct common cement products and their constituents. The definitions of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combined to produce these distinct products in a range of six strength classes. The definition also includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical and chemical requirements of the 27 products and strength classes. EN 197-1 also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Necessary durability requirements are also given.

Notes 1. In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement manufacturer and user may be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of EN 197-1 but should be dealt with in accordance with national standards or regulations or may be agreed between the parties concerned.

2. The word “cement” in EN 197-1 is used to refer only to common cements unless otherwise specified.

2 Normative References

EN 197-1 incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to EN 197 only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.

EN 196 - 1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength;

EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement - Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement;

EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement - Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness; EN 196 - 5, Methods of testing cement - Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cements;

EN 196-6, Methods of testing cement - Part 6: Determination of fineness;

EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement - Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement;

EN 196-21 Methods of testing cement - Part 21: Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement;

EN 197-2, Cement - Part 2: Conformity evaluation;

prEN 13639: 1999, Determination of total organic carbon content in limestone;

EN 451-1, Method of testing fly ash - Part 1: Determination of free calcium oxide content;

EN 933-9, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 9: Assessment of fines - Methylene blue test; andEN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout - Part 2: Concrete admixtures - Definitions and requirements.

°EN 196-21 is currently being incorporated into EN 196-2.

ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method.

3 Cement

For the purposes of EN 197-1, the following definitions apply:

3.1. Reactive calcium oxide (CaO)

that fraction of the calcium oxide which under normal hardening conditions can form calcium silicate hydrates or calcium alumínate hydrates;

Note To evaluate this fraction the total calcium oxide content (see EN 196-2) is reduced by the fraction corresponding to calcium carbonate (CaC03). Based on the measured carbon dioxide (C02) content (see EN 196-21), and the fraction corresponding to calcium sulfate (CaS04). Based on the measured sulfate (S03) content (see EN 196-2) after substraction of the S03 taken up by alkalis.

3.2. Reactive silicon dioxide (SiOJ

that fraction of the silicon dioxide which is soluble after treatment with hydrochloric acid (HC1) and with boiling potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution;

Note The quantity of reactive silicon dioxide is determined by subtracting from the total silicon dioxide content (see EN 196-2) that fraction contained in the residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide (see EN 196-2). both on a dry basis.

3.3. Main constituent

specially selected inorganic material in a proportion exceeding 5 % by mass related to the sum of all main and minor additional constituents;

3.4. Minor additional constituent

specially selected inorganic material used in a proportion not exceeding a total of 5 % by mass related to the sum of all main and minor additional constituents;

3.5. Type of common cement

one of the 27 products (see Table 1) in the family of common cements;

3.6. Strength class of cement class of compressive strength;

3.7. Autocontrol testing

continual testing by the manufacturer of cement spot samples taken at the point(s) of release from the factory/depot;

3.8. Control period

means the period of production and dispatch identified for the evaluation of the autocontrol test results;

3.9. Characteristic value

means the value of a required property outside of which lies a specified percentage, the percentile Pk, of all the values of the population

3.10. Specified characteristic value

means the characteristic value of a mechanical, physical or chemical property which in the case of an upper limit is not to be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached;

3.11. Single result limit value

means the value of a mechanical, physical or chemical property which - for any single test result

- in the case of an upper limit is not to be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached;

3.12. Allowable probability of acceptance CR

for a given sampling plan, means the allowed probability of acceptance of cement with a characteristic value outside the specified characteristic value;

3.13. Sampling plan

means the specific plan which states the (statistical) sample size(s) to be used, the percentile Pk and the allowable probability of acceptance CR;

3.14. Spot sample

means the sample taken at the same time and from one and the same place, relating to the intended tests. It can be obtained by combining one or more immediately consecutive increments (see EN

196-7).

4 Cement

Cement is a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability even under water.

Cement conforming to EN 197-1, termed CEM cement, shall, when appropriately batched and mixed with aggregate and water, be capable of producing concrete or mortar which retains its workability for a sufficient time and shall after defined periods attain specified strength levels and also possess long-term volume stability.

Hydraulic hardening of CEM cement is primarily due to the hydration of calcium silicates but other chemical compounds may also participate in the hardening process, e.g. aluminates. The sum of the proportions of reactive calcium oxide (CaO) and reactive silicon dioxide (Si02) in GEM cement shall be at least 50 % by mass when the proportions are determined in accordance with EN 196-2.

CEM cements consist of different materials and are statistically homogeneous in composition resulting from quality assured production and material handling processes The link between these production and material handling processes and the conformity of cement to EN 197-1 is elaborated in EN 197-2.

Note There are also cements whose hardening is mainly due to other compounds, e.g. calcium alumínate in calcium alumínate cement.

5 Constituents

5.1 General

The requirements for the constituents specified in 5.2 to 5.5 shall be determined in principle in accordance with the test methods described in EN 196 unless otherwise specified.

5.2 Main constituents

5.2.1 Portland cement clinker (E)

Portland cement clinker is made by sintering a precisely specified mixture of raw materials (raw meal, paste or slurry) containing elements, usually expressed as oxides, CaO, Si02, A1203, Fe203 and small quantities of other materials. The raw meal, paste or slurry is finely divided, intimately mixed and therefore homogeneous.

Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates (3CaO . Si02 and 2CaO . Si02), the remainder consisting of aluminium and iron containing clinker phases and other compounds. The ratio by mass (Ca0)/(Si02) shall be not less than 2.0. The content of magnesium oxide (MgO) shall not exceed 5.0 % by mass.

5.2.2 Granulated blastfurnace slag (S)

Granulated blastfurnace slag is made by rapid cooling of a slag melt of suitable composition, as obtained by smelting iron ore in a blastfurnace and contains at least two-thirds by mass of glassy slag and possesses hydraulic properties when suitably activated.

Granulated blastfurnace slag shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of the sum of calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon dioxide (Si02) The remainder contains aluminium oxide (Al203) together with small amounts of other compounds. The ratio by mass (CaO + MgO)/(SiOz) shall exceed 1.0

5.2.3 Pozzolanic material (P, Q)

5.2.3.1General

Pozzolanic materials are natural substances or industrial pozzolanas, siliceous or silico- aluminous, or a combination thereof. Although fly ash and silica fume have pozzolanic properties, they are specified in separate clauses (see 5.2.4 and 5.2.7).

Pozzolanic materials do not harden in themselves when mixed with water but, when finely ground and in the presence of water, they react at normal ambient temperature with dissolved calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2) to form strength-developing calcium silicate and calcium alumínate compounds. These compounds are similar to those which are formed in the hardening of hydraulic materials. Pozzolanas shall consist essentially of reactive Si02 and Al203. The remainder contains Fe203 and other oxides. The proportion of reactive Ca0³⁾ is negligible. The reactive Si02 content shall be not less than 25 % by mass.

Pozzolanic materials shall be correctly prepared, i.e. selected, homogenized, dried and comminuted, depending on their state of production or delivery.

5.2 3.2 Natural pozzolana (P)

Natural pozzolanas are usually substances of volcanic origin or sedimentary rocks with suitable chemical and mineralogical composition and shall conform to 5.2.3.1

5.2.3.3 Natural calcined pozzolana (Q)

Natural calcined pozzolanas are materials of volcanic origin, clays, shales or sedimentary rocks, activated by thermal treatment and shall conform to 5.2.3.1.

5.2.4. Fly ashes (V, W)

5.2.4.1 General

Fly ash is obtained by electrostatic or mechanical precipitation of dust-like particles from the flue gases from furnaces fired with pulverised coal. Ash obtained by other methods shall not be used in cement that conforms to EN 197-1.

Fly ash may be siliceous or calcareous in nature. The former has pozzolanic properties; the latter may have, in addition, hydraulic properties The loss on ignition of fly ash determined in accordance with EN 196-2, but using an ignition time of 1 h, shall not exceed 5.0 % by mass.

Fly ash with loss on ignition of 5.0 % to 7.0 % by mass may also be accepted, provided that particular requirements for durability, especially frost resistance, and for compatibility with admixtures are met according to the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete or mortar in the place of use. In the case of fly ash with a loss on ignition between 5.0 % and 7.0 % by mass the maximum limit, 7.0 %, shall be stated on the packaging and/or the delivery note of the cement.

5.2.4.2 Siliceous fly ash (V)

Siliceous fly ash is a fine powder of mostly spherical particles having pozzolanic properties. It consists essentially of reactive silicon dioxide (Si02) and aluminium oxide (A1203). The remainder contains iron oxide (Fe203) and other compounds.

5.2.4.3 Calcareous fly ash (W)

Calcareous fly ash is a fine powder, having hydraulic and/or pozzolanic properties. It consists essentially of reactive calcium oxide (CaO), reactive silica (Si02) and aluminium oxide (A1203). The remainder contains iron oxide (Fe203) and other compounds. The proportion of reactive calcium oxide shall not be less than 10.0%bymass. Calcareous fly ash containing between 10.0 and 15.0 % mass of reactive calcium oxide shall contain not less than 25.0 % by mass of reactive silica.

Adequately ground calcareous fly ash containing more than 15.0 % by mass of reactive calcium oxide, shall have a compressive strength of at least 10.0 MPa at 28 days when tested in accordance with EN 196 - 1. Before testing, the fly ash shall be ground and the fineness, expressed as the proportion by mass of the ash retained when wet sieved on a 40 nm mesh sieve, shall be between 10 % and 30 % by mass. The test mortar specimens shall be demoulded 48 h after preparation and then cured in a moist atmosphere of relative humidity of at least 90 % until tested.

The expansion (soundness) of calcareous fly ash shall not exceed 10 mm when tested in accordance with EN 196-3 using a mixture of 30 % by mass of calcareous fly ash ground as described above and 70 % by mass of a CEM I cement conforming to EN 197-1.

Note If the sulphate (503) content of the fly ash exceeds the permissible upper limit for the sulphate content of the cement then this has to be taken into account for the manufacture of the cement by appropriately reducing the calcium sulphate- containing constituents.

5.2.5 Burnt shale (T)

Burnt shale, specifically burnt oil shale, is produced in a special kiln at temperatures of approximately 800 °C. Owing to the composition of the natural material and the production process, burnt shale contains clinker phases, mainly dicalcium silicate and monocalcium aluminate. It also contains, besides small amounts of free calcium oxide and calcium sulphate, larger proportions of pozzolanically reacting oxides, especially silicon dioxide. Consequently, in a finely ground state burnt shale shows pronounced hydraulic properties like Portland cement and in addition pozzolanic properties.

Adequately ground burnt shale shall have a compressive strength of at least 25.0 MPa at 28 days when tested in accordance with EN 196 - 1. The test mortar shall be prepared with finely ground burnt shale instead of cement. The mortar specimens shall be demoulded 48 h after preparation and cured in a moist atmosphere of relative humidity of at least 90 % until tested.

The expansion (soundness) of burnt shale shall not exceed 10 mm when tested in accordance with EN 196-3 using a mixture of 30 % by mass of ground burnt shale and 70 % by mass of a CEM I cement conforming to EN 197-1.

Note If the sulfate (S03) content of the burnt shale exceeds the permissible upper limit for the sulfate content of the cement then this has to be taken into account for the manufacture of the cement by appropriately reducing the calcium sulfate-containing constituents.

5.2.6 Limestone (L, LL)

Limestone shall meet the following requirements:

(a)The calcium carbonate (CaC03) content calculated from the calcium oxide content shall be at least 75 % by mass.

(b) The clay content, de/ermined by the methylene blue test in accordance with EN 933-9,

shall not exceed 1.20 g/100 g. For this test the limestone shall be ground to a fineness of approximately 5000 cm²/g determined as specific surface in accordance with EN

196-6.

(c) The total organic carbon (TOC) content, when tested in accordance with prEN 13639: 1999, shall conform to one of the following criteria:

- LL: shall not exceed 0.20 % by mass;

- L: shall not exceed 0.50 % by mass.

5.2.7 Silica fume (D)

Silica fume originates from the reduction of high purity quartz with coal in electric arc furnaces in the production of silicon and ferrosilicon alloys and consists of very fine spherical particles containing at least 85 % by mass of amorphous silicon dioxide.

Silica fume shall meet the following requirements:

(a)The loss on ignition shall not exceed 4.0 % by mass determined in accordance with EN

196-2 but using an ignition time of 1 h.

(b)The specific surface (BET) of the untreated silica fume shall be at least 15.0 m²/g when tested in accordance with ISO 927?.

For intergrinding with clinker and calcium sulfate the silica fume may be in its original state or compacted or pelletised (with water).

5.3 Minor additional constituents

Minor additional constituents are specially selected, inorganic natural mineral materials, inorganic mineral materials derived from the clinker production process or constituents as specified in 5.2 unless they are included as main constituents in the cement.

Minor additional constituents, after appropriate preparation and on account of their particle size distribution, improve the physical properties of the cement (such as workability or water retention). They can be inert or have slightly hydraulic, latent hydraulic or pozzolanic properties. However, no requirements are set for them in this respect.

Minor additional constituents shall be correctly prepared, i.e. selected, homogenised, dried and comminuted depending on their state of production or delivery. They shall not increase the water demand of the cement appreciably, impair the resistance of the concrete or mortar to deterioration in any way or reduce the corrosion protection of the reinforcement.

Note Information on the minor additional constituents in the cement should be ayailable from the manufacturer on request.

5.4 Calcium sulfate

Calcium sulfate is added to the other constituents of cement during its manufacture to control setting.

Calcium sulfate can be gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaS04.2H20), hemihydrate (CaS04 ,'/2H O), or anhydrite (anhydrous calcium sulfate, CaS04) or any mixture of them. Gypsum and anhydrite are found naturally Calcium sulfate is also available as a by-product of certain industrial processes.

5.5 Additives

Additives for the purpose of EN 197-1 are constituents not covered in 5.2 to 5.4 which are added to improve the manufacture or the properties of the cement.

The total quantity of additives shall not exceed 10 % by mass of the cement (except for pigments). The quantity of organic additives on a dry basis shall not exceed 0.5 % by mass of the cement.

These additives shall not promote corrosion of the reinforcement or impair the properties of the cement or of the concrete or mortar made from the cement.

When admixtures for concrete, mortar or grouts conforming to the EN 934 series are used in cement the standard notation of the admixture shall be declared on bags or delivery documents.

6 Composition and notation

The 27 products in the family of common cements, covered by EN 197-1, and their notation are given in Table 1. They are grouped into five main cement types as follows:

- CEM I Portland cement

- CEM II Portland-composite cement

- CEM III Blastfurnace cement

- CEM IV Pozzolanic cement

- CEM V Composite cement

The composition of each of the 27 products in the family of common cements shall be in accordance with Table 1.

Note For clarity in definition, the requirements for the composition refer to the sum of all main and minor additional constituents. The final cement is to be understood as the main and minor additional constituents plus the necessary calcium sulfate (see 5.4) and any additives (see 5.5),

Table 1 - The 27 products in the family of common cements

			Composition (percentage by mass ')
Main	products (types of common cements)	Main constituents	Minor
types	Clinker K	Blast- furnace slagS	Silica fume D^h	Pozzolana natural P	natural calcined 0	Fly ash siliceousV	calcareous W	Burnt shale T	LimesL	tone LL	additional consument
CEM I	Portland	CEM I	95-100	*				-			-		0-5
		CEM n/A- s	80-94	6-20	*	--	-	•	-	•		*	0-5
	slag cement	CEM il/B- S	65-79	21-35			-	-			-		0-5
	Portland- •silica fume cement	CEM 11/A-O	90-94		6-10	•			-				0-5
	Portland -	CEM H/A- p	80-94			6-20		.	*	-	-		0-5
	pozzolana cement	CEM II/B- P	65-79			21 -35				-	•		0-5
		CEM 11/A- Q	80-94	-	-	-	6-20		-	-	-	-	0-5
CEM II		CEM II/B-Q	65-79	-		-	21-35	-	¦		-	-	0-5
Portland-fly sh cement	CEM 11/A-V	80-94	*		-		6-20 -					0-5
	CEM II/B- V	65-79	-	-	-	-	21-35		-	-	-	0-5
		CEM II/A- W	80-94	-	-	-	-		6-20	-	-	*	0-5
		CEM tl/B-W	65-79		-	-	-		21 -35	-	-		0-5
	Portland- burnt shale	CEM 11/A-r	80-94	-	•	-	-	-	-	6-20	-		0-5
		CEM II/BT	65-79			-	-	-	-	21-35	-		0-5
	Portland- limestone cement	CEM 11/A-L	80-94		-	-	-	-	-		v20		0-5
	CEM tl/B- 1.	65-79	¦	-	-	-	¦	*	•	2i-3:i		0-5
		CEM ' 11/A-LL	80-94	-	-		-	-	-	-		6- 20	)-5
		CEM II/B- U.,	65-79		-		-	-	*	-		21- 35	V5
	Portland- composite	CEM 11/A-M	80-94	i			—6-20—				-»			0-5
		CEM II/B-	65-79						-21-35						0-5
CEM	Blastfurnace	CEM	35-64	36-6	~	t	-			-	'	*	0-5
Ill	cement	Ill/A
CEM III/B	20-34	66-80			....	.	.	0-5
CEM IV	Pozzolanic cement*	CEM III/C	5-19	81-95	_	• . - • •	_	_	0-5
CEM IV/A	65-89			<< 11-35 >			0-5
CEM V	Composite cement*	CEM IV/B	45-64			<< 36-55 >			0-5
CEM V/A	40-64	18-30		<< 18-30 >					0-5
CEM V/B	20-38	31-50	-	<< - 31-50 >	-	-	-	-	0-5
(a) The values inthe table refer to the sum of the main and minor additional constituents. (b) The proportion of silica fume is limed to 10%. (c) In Portland-composition cements CEM II/A-M and CEM II /B-M, in pozzolanic cements CEM IVIV/A and CEM IV B and in composite cements CEMV /A and CEM V /B the main constituents other than clinker shall be dclared by designation of the cement (for example see clause 8)

7 Mechanical, physical, chemical and durability requirements

7.1 Mechanical requirements

7.1.1 Standard strength

The standard strength of a cement is the compressive strength determined in accordance with EN 196-1 at 28 days and shall conform to the requirements in Table 2.

Three classes of standard strength are included:class 32.5, class 42.5 and class 52.5 (see Table 2).

7.1.2 Early strength

The early strength of a cement is the compressive strength determined in accordance with EN

196-1 at either 2 days or 7 days and shall conform to the requirements in Table 2.

Two classes of early strength are included for each class of standard strength, a class with ordinary early strength, included by N, and a class with high early strength, indicated by R (see Table 2).

Table 2-mechanical and physical requirement given as characteristic values

Strength class	Compressive strength MPa	Initial asettin	Soundnes s
Early strength	Standard strength	g time min	(expansion) mm
	2 days	7 days	28 days
32.5 N	•	>16.0	<<32.5	<<52.5	i_75

32.5 R	>10.0	-
42.5 N 42.5 R	> 10.0 >20.0	-	>42.5	<<62.5	>60	<<10
52.5 N	>20.0	-	>52.5	-	>45
52.5 R	>30.0	-

7.2 Physical Requirements 7.2.1 Initial setting time

The initial setting time, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall comply with the requirements of Table 2.

7.2.2 Soundness

The expansion, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall comply with the requirement in Table 2.

7.3 Chemical Requirements

The properties of the cements of the cement type and strength class shown in columns 3 and 4 respectively of Table 3 shall conform to the requirements listed in column 5 of this Table when tested in accordance with the standard referred to in column 2.

Note Some European countries have additional requirements for the content of water-soluble hexavalent chromium (see Informative Annex A).

7.4 Durability requirements

In many applications, particularly in severe environmental conditions, the choice of cement has an influence on the durability of concrete, mortar and grouts, e.g. frost resistance, chemical resistance and protection of reinforcement.

The choice of cement, from EN 197-1, particularly as regards type and strength class for different applications and exposure classes shall follow the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete or mortar valid in the place of use.

Table 3. Chemical requirements given as characteristic values

1	2	3	4	5
Property	Test reference	Cement type	Strength class	Requirements“
Loss on ignition	EN 196-2	CEM I CEM III	all	<< 5.0%
Insoluble residue	EN 196-2 ^b	CEM I CEM III	all	<
Sulphate content (as S03)	EN 196-2	CEM 1 CEM 1 ^c CEM 11 CEM IV CEM V	32.5 N 32.5 R 42.5 N 42.5 R 52.5 N 52.5 R	<
		CEM III ^d	all
Chloride content	EN 196-21	all'	all	<< 0.10 %^r
Pozzolanicity	EN 196-5	CEM IV	all	Satisfies the test

‘ Requirements are given as percentages by mass of the final cement. ^b Determination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate. ^c Cement type CEM II/B-T may contain up to 4.5 % sulphate for all strength classes. ^d Cement type CEM III/C may contain up to 4.5 % sulfate.

'Cement type CEM III may contain more than 0.10 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be stated on the packaging and/or the delivery note.

^f For pre-stressing applications cements may be produced according to a lower requirement. If so, the value of 0.10 % shall be replaced by this lower value which shall be stated in the delivery note.

8 Standard designation

CEM cements shall be identified by at least the notation of the cement type as specified in Table 1 and the figures 32.5,42.5 or 52.5 indicating the strength class (see 7 1). In order to indicate the early strength class the letter N or the letter R shall be added as appropriate (see 7.1).

EXAMPLE 1

Portland cement conforming to EN 197-1 of strength class 42.5 with a high early strength is identified by:

Portland cement EN 197-1 - CEM 142.5 R

EXAMPLE 2

Portland-limestone cement containing between 6 % and 20 % by mass of limestone with a TOC content not exceeding 0.50 % by mass (L) of strength class 32.5 with an ordinary early strength is identified by:

Portland-limestone cement EN 197-1 - CEM II/A-L 32.5 N

EXAMPLE 3

Portland-composite cement containing in total a quantity of granulated blastfurnace slag (S), siliceous fly ash (V) and limestone (L) of between 6 % and 20 % by mass and of strength class

32.5 with a high early strength is identified by:

Portland-composite cement EN 197-1 - CEM II/A-M (S-V-L) 32.5 R

EXAMPLE 4

Composite cement containing between 18 % and 30 % by mass of granulated blastfurnace slag (S) and between 18 % and 30 % by mass of siliceous fly ash (V) of strength class 32.5 with an ordinary early strength is identified by:

Composite cement EN 197-1 - CEM VIA (S-V) 32.5 N

9 Conformity criteria

9.1 General requirements

Conformity of the 27 products to EN 197-1 shall be continually evaluated on the basis of testing of spot samples. The properties, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for the auto-control testing by the manufacturer are specified in Table 4. Concerning testing frequencies for cement not being dispatched continuously and other details, see EN 197-2.

For certification of conformity by an approved certification body, conformity of cement with EN

197-1 shall be evaluated in accordance with EN 197-2.

Note EN 197-1 does not deal with acceptance inspection at delivery.

Table 4 - Properties, test methods and minimum testing frequencies for the auto-control testing by the manufacturer, and the statistical assessment procedure

			Auto-control testing
Property	Cements to be tested	Test method ^{a 1}	Minimum testing frequency	Statistical assessment procedure
Routine situation	Initial period for a new type of cemen	Inspection by Variables ^e	Attributes
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Early strength Standard strength	All	EN 196-1	2/week	4/week	X
Initial setting time	All	EN 196-3	2/week	4/week		x^f
Loss on ignition	CEM I, CEM III	EN 196-2	2/monthc	1 / week		x^f
Soundness (Expansion)	All	EN 196-3	1 /week	4/week		X
Insoluble residue	CEM I, CEM III	EN 196-2	2/month C	1 /week		x^f
Sulphate content	All	EN 196-2	2/week	4/week		x^f
Chloride content	All	EN 196-21	2/month	1/week		x^f
V/yolunicit}	CEM IV	EN 196-5	2/month	1/week		x
		5
Composition	All	_ d	1/month 1/week
^a Where allowed in the relevant part of EN 196, other methods than those indicated may be used provided they give results correlated and equivalent to those obtained with the reference method. ^b The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 196-7. ^c When none of the test results within a period of 12 months exceeds 50 % of the characteristic value the frequency may be reduced to one per month. ^d Appropriate test method chosen by the manufacturer. ^e If the data are not normally distributed then the method of assessment may be decided on a case by case basis. ^f If the number of samples is at least one per week during the control period, the assessment may be made by variables.

9.2 Conformity criteria for mechanical, physical and chemical properties and evaluation procedure

9.2.1 General

Conformity of cement with the requirements for mechanical, physical and chemical properties in EN 197-1 is assumed if the conformity criteria specified in 9.2.2 and 9.2.3 are met. Conformity shall be evaluated on the basis of continual sampling using spot samples taken at the point of release and on the basis of the test results obtained on all auto-control samples taken during the control period.

9.2.2 Statistical conformity criteria 9 2 2 1 General

Conformity shall be formulated in terms of a statistical criterion based on:

- the specified characteristic values for mechanical, physical and chemical properties as given in 7.1,7.2, and 7.3 of EN 197-1;

- the percentile Pk, on which the specified characteristic value is based, as given in Table 5;

- the allowable probability of acceptance CR, as given in Table 5.

Table 5 - Required values Pk and CR

	Mechanical requirements
	Early and standard strength	Standard strength	Physical and chemical requirements
	(Lower limit)	(Upper limit)
The percentage Pk on which the characteristic value is based	5%	10%
Allowable of probability acceptable CR	5 %

Note Conformity evaluation by a procedure based on a finite number of test results can only produce an approximate value for the proportion of results outside the specified characteristic value in a population. The larger the sample size (number of test results), the better the approximation. The selected probability of acceptance CR controls the degree of approximation by the sampling plan.

Conformity with the requirements of EN 197-1 shall be verified either by variables or by attributes, as described in 9.2.2.2 and 9.2.2.3 as specified in Table 4.

The control period shall be 12 months.

9.2.2.2 Inspection by variables

For this inspection the test results are assumed to be normally distributed.

Conformity is verified when equation(s) (1) and (2), as relevant, are satisfied:

~X - kA x s e” L (1)

and

X+kAxsd”U (2)

where

X'^s arithmetic mean of the totalityof the auto-control test results in the control period;

s is the standard deviation of the totality of the auto-control test results in the

control period;

kA is the acceptability constant;

L is the specified lower limit given in Table 2 referred to in 7.1;

U is the specified upper limit given in Tables 2 and 3 referred to in clause 7.

The acceptability constant kA depends on the percentile Pk on which the characteristic value is based, on the allowable probability of acceptance CR and on the number n of the test results. Values of kA are listed in Table 6.

Table 6 - Acceptability constant kA

Number of	nk. ¦ A
test results	for Pk = 5 %	or Pk= 10%
	(early and standard strength, lower limiit	(other properties)
20 to 21	2.40	1.93
22 to 23	2.35	1.89
24 to 25	2.31	1.85
26 to 27	2.27	1.82
28 to 29	2.24	1.80
30 to 34	2.22	1.78
35 to 39	2.17	1.73
40 to 44	2.13	1.70
45 to 49	2.09	1.67
50 to 59	2.07	1.65
60 to 69	2.02	1.61
70 to 79	1.99	1.58
80 to 89	1.97	1.56
90 to 99	1.94	1.54
100 to 149	1.93	1.53
150 to 199	1.87	1.48
200 to 299	1.84	1.45
300 to 399	1.80	1.42
>400	1.78	1.40
Note - Values given in this table are valid for CR = 5 %.
" Values of kA valid for intermediate values of n may also be used.

9.2.2.3 Inspection by attributes

The number CD of test results outside the characteristic value shall be counted and compared with an acceptable number CA, calculated from the number n of auto-control test results and the percentile Pk as specified in Table 7.

Conformity is verified when equation (3) is satisfied:

CD ^CA (3)

The value of CA depends on the percentile Pk on which the characteristic value is based, on the allowable probability of acceptance CR and on a number n of the test results. Values of CA are listed in Table 7.

Table 7 - Values of CA

Number of test results n ^a	CA for Pk= 10 %
20 to 39	0
40 to 54	1
55 to 69	2
70 to 84	3
85 to 99	4
100 to 109	5
110 to 123	6
124 to 136	7
Note Values given in this table are valid for CR = 5 %.
^a If the number of test results is n << 20 (for =10%) a statistically based conformity criterion is not possible. Despite this, a criterion of C„ = 0 shall be used in cases where n << 20. ⁷ A

9.2.3 Single result conformity criteria In addition to the statistical conformity criteria, conformity of test results to the requirements of EN 197-1 requires that it shall be verified that each test result remains within the single result limit values specified in Table 8.

Table 8 - Limit values for single results

Property	Limit values for single results
Strength class
32.5N 32.5R 42.5N 42.5R 52.5N 52.5R
Early strength CMP a) 2 dav	8.0 8.0 18.0 18.0 28.0
lower limit value 7 dav	- - - 14.0
Standard strength 28 day (MPa) lower limit vaJue	30. 030.0 40.0 40.0 50.0 50.0
Initial setting time (min) lower limit value	60 50 40
Soundness (expansion, mm) upper limit value	10
Sulfate content (as % SO,) upper limit value	CEM I CEM II^a CEM IV CEM V CEM III/A CEM III/B CEM III/C	4.0 4.5 4.5 5.0
Chloride content (%)^b upper 0.10^c limit value
Pozzolanicity positive at 15 davs

* Cement type CEM II/B- T may contain up to 5.0 % S03 for all strength classes.

^b Cement type CEM III may contain more than 0.10 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be declared.

‘ For pre-stressing applications cements may be produced according to a lower requirement. If so, the value of 0.10 % shall be replaced by this lower value which shall be stated in the delivery note.

9 3 Conformity criteria for cement composition

At least once per month the composition of the cement shall be checked by the manufacturer, using as a rule a spot sample taken at the point of release of the cement. The cement composition shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1. The limiting quantities of the main constituents specified in Table 1 are reference values to be met by the average composition calculated from the spot samples taken in the control period. For single results, maximum deviations of -2 at the lower and +2 at the higher reference value are allowed. Suitable procedures during production and appropriate verification methods to ensure conformity to this requirement shall be applied and documented.

9.4 Conformity criteria for properties of the cement constituents

The cement constituents shall meet the requirements specified in clause 5. Suitable procedures during production to ensure conformity with this requirement shall be applied and documented.

Annex A

(informative) A-deviation

A-deviation: national deviation due to regulations, the alteration of which is for the time being outside the competence of the CEN/CENELEC members. In the CEN member countries these A- deviations are valid in addition to the relevant requirements of EN 197-1 until they have been removed.

For EN 197-1 national A-deviations have been applied according to EC-Directive 90/531 by Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Reference is made to the following national regulations.

Denmark: Arbejdstilsynets bekendtgerelse nr. 661 af 28. November 1983 om

vandoploseligt chromat i cement.

Finland: Decision of the Council of State concerning the content of chromate in cement for concrete and masonry cement, No. 593, July 24, 1986.

Germany: Gefahrstoffverordnung (GefStoffV) together with TRGS 613 “Ersatzstoffe,

Ersatzverfahren und Verwendungsbeschrankungen fur chromathaltige Zemente und chromathaltige zementhaltige Zubereitungen, April 1993 (BArbBI Nr. 4.1993)”.

Iceland: Reglur nr. 330/1989 um kr6m i sementi, Order No. 330 of 19 June 1989.

Norway: Directorate of Labour Inspection; Regulations relating to the Working Environment, laid down on 23 October 1987.

Sweden: Kamikalieinspektionens foreskrifter om kemiska produkter och biotekniska organismer, KIFS 1998:8,4 avdelning, 8 kap §§ 10-13, Kemikalieinspektionens allmanna rid till fSreskriftema om krom I cement, 1989:1.

Annex ZA

(Informative) Provisions for the CE marking of common cements under the EU Construction Products Directive

ZA.1 Clauses of EN 197-1 addressing the provisions of EU Construction Products Directive

EN 197-1 and this Annex ZA have been prepared under a mandate ²⁾ given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.

The clauses of EN 197-1, shown in Table ZA.l, meet the requirements of this Mandate given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).

Compliance with these clauses confers a presumption of fitness of common cements covered by EN 197-1 for the intended use(s) under consideration in Table ZA.2.

Warning Other requirements and other EU Directives, not affecting the fitness for

intended use(s), can be applicable to a construction product falling within the scope of EN

197-1.

There may be requirements on dangerous substances applicable to the products falling within the scope of EN 197-1 (e.g. transposed European legislation and national laws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive, these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply.

Note. An informative database of European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction website on EUROPA (CREATE, accessed through http:// europa.eu.intV

²⁾ Ml 14 “Cement, building lies and other hydraulic binders”

Table ZA. 1 Harmonised clauses

Contruction Products: 27 different common cement products (see Table 1) Intended use(s): Preparation of concrete, mortar, groout and other mixes for construction and for the manufacture of consruction products (see notes in this Table
Requirements/performance characteristics	Harmonis 197-1 Clauses	ed clauses ¦ in EN CPD Article Notes Outline of the ^ ^ level(s) requirements ^and/or class(es)
Commoncements (Subfamilies) costituents and composition	3 4 5 6 8 9	Constitutions of the 27different products(Table constituents and compositionl) in the Product family“Common cements”, defined on the basis of constituent materials and composition	None	Selection of cements by the Member States in technical regulations for particular intended uses shall be possible, based on the different cement products and on strength classes.
Compressive strength (early and standard)	7.1 8 9	Compressive strength requirements expressed in terms of strength classes and limits.^b	None
Setting time	7 2 9	Requirements expressed in terms of lower limits ^b	None
Insoluble residue	7.3	Requirements expressed in terms of upper limits. ^b	None	Only for CEM I and CEM III.
Loss on ignition	7.3 9	Requirements expressed in terms of upper limits.^b	None	Only for CEM I and CEM III.
Soundness - Expansion - SO, content	7.2 9	Requirements expressed in terms of upper limits. ^b	None
Chloride content	7.3 9	Requirements expressed in terms of upper limits. ^b	None
Pozzolanicity (for pozzolanic cement only)	7.3 9	Requirements expressed in terms of limits.^b	None	Only for CEM IV.
Durability	4 5 7.4			Durability relates to the concrete, mortar, grout and other mixes made from cement according to the application rules valid in the place of use.
“ The requirements in these clauses, including the entire contents and tables of the clauses listed, are fully integrated parts of this harmonised European Standard for cement.
^b These limits are part of the definition of the products covered by this harmonised European Standard for cement.

ZA.2 Procedure for the attestation of conformity of products

The system of attestation of conformity for the 27 common cement products indicated in table ZA. 1 is shown in table ZA.2 for the indicated intended use(s), in accordance with the Commission Decision of 14 July 1997 (97/555/EC) published in the Official Journal of the European Communities and given in annex 3 of the Mandate for the product family “Cements”.

Table ZA.2 System of attestation of conformity

Product(s)	Intended use(s)	Level(s) or class(es)	Attestation of conformity system(s)
Common cements, including:	Preparation of concrete, mortar, grout and other mixes for construction and for the manufacture of construction products		1 +
- Portland cements - Portland composite cements Portland-slag cement Portland-silica fume cement Portland-pozzo lana cement Portland-fly ash cement Portland-burnt shale cement Portland-limestone cement Portland composite cement - Blastfurnace cements - Pozzolanic cements - Composite cements - Composite cements
System 1 +: See annex III Section 2 point (i) of Directive 89/106/EEC, with audit-testing of samples taken at the factory

The attestation of conformity to the specifications in EN 197-1 shall be based on clause 9 ofEN

197-1 and on evaluation of conformity³⁾ which shall be in accordance with EN 197-2. Clause 8 of EN 197-2 does not apply since it is superseded for CE marking purposes by the rules given in clauses ZA.3 and

ZA.4. Clause 9 of EN 197-2, giving rules relating to Dispatching Centres, is not part of the procedure of attestation of conformity for the affixing of the CE marking under the CPO. However, Member States, within their market surveillance obligations, must ensure that CE marking is correctly used (Article 15.1 oftheCPO). Clause9ofEN 197-2 should be used for the corresponding national provisions concerning Dispatching Centres.

³⁾ This term corresponds to the establishment of conformity that is mentioned in article 13.2 of the CPO

ZA.3 EC certificate of conformity and EC declaration of conformity

When compliance with the system of attestation of conformity is achieved in accordance with clause 7 of EN 197-2, the certification body shall draw up a certificate of conformity (EC certificate of conformity) with the information indicated below. This EC certificate of conformity entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE marking, as described in ZA.4.

The EC certificate of conformity shall include the following information:

- Name and address of the certification body,

- Name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, and place of production,

- Description of the product (the standard designation of the cement according to EN

197-1 and any additional identification required),

- Provisions to which the product conforms (annex ZA of EN 197-1, with conformity established according to EN 197-2 as given in annex ZA of EN 197-1),

- Particular conditions applicable to the use of the product (none as regards conformity),

- The certificate’s number,

- Conditions and period of validity of the certificate, where applicable,

- Name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the certificate.

In addition, for each product covered by an EC certificate of conformity, the manufacturer shall draw up a declaration of conformity (EC declaration of conformity) including the following information:

- Name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA,

- Number of the attached EC certificate of conformity,

- Name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the declaration on behalf of the manufacturer or of his authorised representative.

Both documents must be presentèd in the official language or languages of the Member State of the EU in which the product is to be used.

ZA.4 CE conformity marking Z A. 4.1 Bagged cement

In the case of bagged cement, the CE conformity marking, the identification number of the certification body and the accompanying information as given below should be affixed either on the bag or on the accompanying commercial documents or on a combination of these. If all the information is not placed on the bag, but only part, then the full information should be given on the accompanying commercial documents.

For reasons of practicality, selections from the following alternative arrangements for bagged cement concerning the presentation of the accompanying information may be used:

¦HM	CE conformity marking, consisting of the “CE”- symbol given in Directive 93/68/EEC
0123	Identification number of the certification body Name or identifying mark of the producer
Any Company	Registered address of the producer
The registered address	Name or identifying mark of the factory where
Any Factory⁴⁾	the cement was produced ⁴⁾
Year 01 (or position of date stamping)	The last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed⁵⁾ Number of the EC certificate of conformity
0123-CPD-0456	Number of European standard
EN 197-1 CEM 142,5R	Example of standard designation, indicating the cement product and the strength class, as specified in clause 8 ofEN 197-1
	Limit for chloride, in %⁶⁾
	Limit for loss on ignition of fly ash, in %⁷¹
Additional information	Standard notation of admixture⁸⁾

⁴⁾ Considered necessary for the requirements of EN 197-2 but not compulsory.

⁵¹ The year 6f marking should relate to either the time of packing into bags or the time of dispatch from the factory or depot.

⁶⁾ Only where the common cement is produced to meet a different chloride content limit to the value specified in Table 3 of EN 197-1.

⁷⁾ Only where, in accordance with 5.2.4.1 of EN 197-1, a fly ash loss on ignition limit of 5.0% to 7.0% is used.

⁸⁾ Only where, in accordance with 5.5 ofEN 197-1, an admixture conforming to the EN 934 series is used.

(a) When the CE marking is given on the bag (this is the normal situation and is preferred) the following elements of the accompanying information may be given on the accompanying commercial documents instead of on the bag:

- the name or identifying mark of the factory;

- the year of affixing the CE marking;

- the number of the EC certificate of conformity;

- additional information.

(b) Where the last two digits of the year in which the CE marking is affixed is pre- printed on the bag, the year so printed should relate to the date of affixing with an accuracy of within plus or minus three months.

(c) Where the last two digits of the year in which the marking is affixed is to be presented but not pre-printed on the bag it may be applied by means of date-stamping of the bag in any easily visible position. This position should be indicated in the information accompanying the CE marking.

The product should be accompanied, when and where required and in the appropriate form, by documentation listing any legislation on dangerous substances for which compliance is claimed, together with any information required by that legislation. Note: European legislation without national derogations need not be mentioned.

ZA.4.2 Bulk cement

In the case of bulk cement, the CE conformity marking, the identification number of the certification body and the accompanying information as listed for babagged cement in ZA. 4.1 should be affixed in some suitable practical form on the accompanying commercial documents.

SECOND SCHEDULE

[Paragraph 3]

1.	ZS 369	Automotive gas oil (diesel fuel)
2.	ZS 380	Illuminating kerosene
3.	ZS 395	Unleaded petrol (Gasoil) for motor vehicles
4.	ZSEN197	Cement: composition, specifications and conformity criteria for
		common cements

STANDARDS (IMPORTS) (QUALITY MONITORING) REGULATIONS, 2003

[Sections 7 and 37]

Arrangements of Regulations

Regulation

1. Title

2. Interpretation

3. Application for import commodity clearance

4. Consignment to be evaluated

5. Conditional release of consignment

6. Issuance of import commodity clearance

7. Withdrawal of import quality certificate

8. Disposal of sample

SI 41 of 2003,

SI 78 of 2003.

1. Title

These Regulations may be cited as Standards (Imports) (Quality Monitoring) Regulations, 2003.

2. Interpretation

In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires–

“Authority” means the Zambia Revenue Authority established under the Zambia Revenue Authority Act;

“Bureau” means the Zambia Bureau of Standards;

“consignment” means a batch of products bearing a brand name from the same manufacturer and same country of origin;

“foreign or international standard” means a standard developed by a foreign standards body or the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Codex Alimentarius Commission or other international body which may be recognised by the Bureau for purposes of the Bureau Product Certification Mark Scheme;

“import certificate of conformance” means a document issued by the Bureau upon being satisfied of the evaluation of a consignment;

“import commodity clearance" means the clearance granted under regulation 7 in respect of imported commodities;

“import entry packing list” means a documented inventory of commodities in a consignment that is imported;

“importer” means an individual, firm, or organisation involved in the direct procurement of commodities from outside the boundaries of the Republic of Zambia, for the purposes of selling, distributing or processing or any other use;

“import quality certificate” means a document issued annually by the Bureau to an importer of a commodity of the same brand from the same manufacturer and the same country of origin after four consecutive import shipments have been evaluated and found to conform to the relevant standards determined under the Act; and

“test certificate” means a document, issued by a laboratory, indicating the test results of a product.

3. Application for import commodity clearance

(1) An importer of a consignment containing a designated product listed in the First Schedule and to which standards declared under the Act apply shall apply to the Bureau for import commodity clearance before arrival of the consignment at a port of entry and prior to the Authority’s release of the consignment.

(2) An application for import commodity clearance shall be made by way of an Import Inspection Request Form, IQM 01, as set out in the Second Schedule.

(3) The Form shall be submitted to the Bureau triplicate together with an import entry packing list, the original copy of any test certificate, including the results if any, and any other shipping documents.

(4) The consignment referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be subject to sampling and testing by an inspector.

4. Consignment to be evaluated

(1) A consignment that is imported shall be evaluated by an inspector to determine its conformity to the applicable standards declared under the Act.

(2) An inspector, shall subject to sub-regulation (3) take samples for the purposes of laboratory analysis and shall complete, and issue to the person from whom a sample is taken, Sample Request Form, IQM 02, as set out in the Third Schedule.

(3) The sampling and testing of a consignment that is imported into Zambia may be waived where–

(a) the consignment is certified by a reputable competent testing organisation in the country of origin and duly recognised by the Bureau or relevant government authorities as conforming with the applicable standards under the Act; and

(b) the first four consecutive imported consignments, notwithstanding the certification that they conform to standards declared under the Act, are sampled and tested by the Bureau and the technical findings are found consistent with foreign test certificates issued after the commodities are found to conform to a foreign or international standards, and the applicable standards declared under the Act.

(4) where random checks, which may include sampling and testing, reveal inconsistencies between the actual quality of imported products and the foreign test certificates issued stating that the products conform to the standards declared under the Act, a subsequent import of a consignment from the country concerned shall subject to sampling and testing by the Bureau, notwithstanding any certification from the country of origin, that the consignment conforms to the standards declared under the Act.

5. Conditional release of consignment

(1) Where the testing of any sample taken under sub regulations (2) of regulation 4 takes more than 20 days, an inspector may, upon the importer satisfying the Bureaus conditions for such release, conditionally release the consignment from the Authority’s custody.

(2) An inspector shall seal an imported consignment–

(a) prior to releasing the consignment under sub regulation (1); or

(b) where the consignment is to be transferred from the authority’s custody to the warehouse of the importer or consignee where an evaluation is to be performed.

(3) An importer or any other person shall not sell or transfer a consignment released under this regulation, whether in whole or as a part of its unless an importer commodity clearance is issued in respect of that consignment.

6. Issuance of import commodity clearance

(1) The Director or any other person authorised by the Director so to do shall issue import commodity clearance on a consignment where satisfied that the imported consignment conforms to the standards declared under the Act.

(2) Certificates shall be issued for import commodity clearance in the following two categories:

(a) a batch import certificate of conformance, as set out in the Fourth Schedule; or

(b) an import quality certificate, as set out in the Fifth Schedule.

(3) The validity of batch import certificate of conformance shall lapse upon the expiration of the shelf-life of the product to which it relates.

(4) A certificate may be re-issued in respect of a consignment subject to the consignment being re-evaluated.

7. Withdrawal of import quality certificate

(1) The Bureau shall withdraw an import quality certificate issued under paragraph (b) of sub regulation (2) of regulation 6 from an importer on the following grounds:

(a) if upon random sampling, on the open market of a product covered by the certificate and imported by the holder of a certificate the product is found to be non conforming to the standards declared under the Act;

(b) If the importer contravenes any provision of the Act; or

Provided that prior to withdrawing the certificate the Bureau shall give the importer concerned notice of the intention to withdraw the certificate and shall afford the importer, in such period the Bureau shall specify in the notice, an opportunity to show cause why the certificate should not be withdrawn.

(2) The Bureau shall upon withdrawing an import quality certificate under sub regulation (1)–

(a) order the withdrawal of the imported product from the market;

(b) inform the public, by such means as it may determine, of the dangers of using or consuming the particular non-conforming product; and

(3) The expenses incurred by the Bureau in undertaking all the activities under sub-regulation (2) shall be borne by the importer of the non-conforming product.

(4) A person who sells an imported product shall ensure that the imported product is duly certified, by the Bureau, as conforming to the standards declared under the Act.

(5) A person who sells an imported product to which these Regulations apply shall, when required to do so by Bureau or an inspector disclose the name of the supplier of the product.

(6) If a person when required to do so by the Bureau or an inspector refuses to disclose the name of the supplier of an imported product referred to in regulation (5), the Bureau shall conduct an evaluation on the product or consignment in accordance with the procedures laid down in these Regulations and that person shall bear the costs incurred during such evaluation.

8. Disposal of sample

(1) The Bureau shall, wherever possible, return to the importer all samples drawn from a consignment for testing and laboratory analysis including those that have undergone destructive testing.

(2) The importer shall withdraw the samples from the Bureau within 30 days after receipt of notice to recover the samples.

(3) Where the importer fails to withdraw the samples after the specified date, the Bureau may dispose off the samples as it considers appropriate.

9. Fees

(1) An importer shall, prior to a consignment being cleared by the authority, pay to Bureau the following:

(a) expenses incurred by an inspector for the purpose of attending at the place and carrying out the inspection and returning from the inspection;

(b) testing fees charged by the Bureau or any laboratories designated by the Bureau for the testing of the imported products; and

10. Warranty

Every person who imports, displays, distributes or sells any product which is subject to standards declared under the act is deemed to warrant to the immediate purchaser that the product conforms to all requirements under the Act.

11. Penalties

A person who contravenes these Regulations commits an offence and shall be subject to legal proceedings under the Act.

FIRST SCHEDULE

[Regulations 3]

[First sch am by reg 2 of SI 78 of 2003.]

DESIGNATED PRODUCTS SUBJECT TO IMPORT QUALITY MONITORING

Name of product

Asbestos-cement pressure pipe

Asbestos roofing sheet;

Beer

Biscuits

Bottled Water;

Canned pineapples

Cattle feeds

Cement

Compound fertilizers

Crude vegetable oil;

Hair creams

Hair oils

Household and dishwashing liquid detergent

Household electrical appliances

Incandescent lamps;

Jams, jellies and marmalades

Laundry soaps

Lead-acid starter batteries

Margarine;

Paint;

Petroleum jelly;

Pneumatictyres;

Poultry feeds

Primary dry batteries;

Pure glycerine;

Refined edible vegetable oil

Rubber condoms (single use)

Safety belt and harnesses

Safety footwear

Shoe polish

Toilet soap

Varnishes;

Wheat flour

SECOND SCHEDULE

[Regulation 3]

FORM I QM 01

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The Standard (Imports) (Quality Monitoring) Regulations

IMPORT INSPECTION REQUEST FORM

(Please complete 1 to 8 of this form and fax/forward to the Zambia Bureau of Standards. Please not that incomplete information may cause delays in processing your application).

1. Importer (Name and Address) Tel: Fax	2. Supplier (Name and Address)Tel: Fax
3. Forwarding AgentTel: Fax Container No.(s): Serial No:	4. Product brand
	5. No. and Kind of package:
	6. Quantity
7. Importer’s specifications:
8. TO THE DIRECTOR, ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS Please Kindly inspect the import consignment described above and issue an import certificate of conformance/import quality certificate.The consignment can be inspected at ...................... which is ................. km from Lusaka.I undertake to settle all fees chargeable and abide by the Declaration Order governing the Import Quality Monitoring Scheme (IQMS)............................................ Name of Importer/Representative ........................................... signature of importer/Representative	9. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY(PARAMETERS AND IQMS FEES)
Parameter(s)
Application standards under the Act
Item	Rate	Amount (ZMK)
* Registration
* Inspection & sampling
* Testing
* Transporting
* Reporting
* Certification
* Subsistence allowance
	TOTAL
........................................... Signature of ZABS Officer* As stipulated in the ZABS Product Certification MarkScheme Date ......................................

THIRD SCHEDULE

[Regulation 4(2)]

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

FORM I QM 02

The Standards (Import) (Quality Monitoring) Regulations

SAMPLE REQUEST FORMS

Name of Importer or Agent ........................................................... Address:........................

............................................................ Phone:............................... Fax ................................

Name or Description of Product(s):

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Identification marks:................................................................................................................................................

Title and number of standard specification (s) applicable to the products (s)

Consignment(s) size:.................................................................................................................................................

Sample(s) size:..........................................................................................................................................................

Identification marks on sample:.........................................................................

Name of ZABS Inspector:...................................................................................

Designation ........................................................................................................

Date:...................................................................................................................

FOURTH SCHEDULE

[Regulation 7(2)(a)]

FORM I QM 03

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The Standards (Imports) (Quality Monitoring) Regulations

BARCH IMPORT CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE

Consignee (Name and address)	Certificate No: Reference No:
Date of issue:
Country of origin:
Consignor (name and address)	Agent (name and address)
Mode of transport :	Sea ......	Rail ......	Road .......	Air .....
Port of entry	Place of customs clearing:	Final destination:
Product brand name and description:Batch identification:
Parameter	Specification	Results

CERTIFICATION AND CONDITIONS OF ISSUE

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the above mentioned brand of product bearing the indicated batch identification has been found to conform to the standards declared under the Act. This certificate only applies to the consignment or batch from which the sample was obtained and tested. Issued under the law and procedures governing the Import Quality Monitoring Scheme of the Zambia Bureau of Standards.

Seal of issuing authority: Name:...........................................

Signature ......................................

Designation ...................................

Date .............................................

FIFTH SCHEDULE

[Paragraph 7(2) (b)]

The Standard (Imports) (Quality Monitoring ) Regulations

IMPORT QUALITY CERTIFICATE

This is issued to:...............................................of .................................................

For the product(s) set out in the Table below in which to conform the standards applicable under the Act.

This certificate is valid for the product(s) and validity dates stated (or up to and including the dates of expiry (if applicable).

ARTICLE DESCRIPTION

Name of product(s)	Expiry date (if applicable)	Standard(s) applicable under the Act	Quantity	Port of entry	Origin	Certificate validity date

CERTIFICATE AND CONDITIONS OF ISSUE:

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the above mentioned product (s) bearing the brand name .................................... has/have been found to conform to the standards applicable under the Act. This certificate only applies to the consignment (s) of the brand name from which the sample was obtained and tested. Issued under the laws and procedures governing the Import Quality Monitoring Scheme of the Zambia Bureau of Standards:

Seal of issuing authority

Name:...............................................
Signature ..........................................
Designation .......................................
Date ..................................................

STANDARDS (COMPULSORY STANDARDS)(DECLARATION) ORDER, 2003

[Sections 7 and 37]

Arrangements of Paragraphs

Paragraph

1. Title

2. Declaration of compulsory standards

3. Application

FIRST SCHEDULE

SECOND SCHEDULE

SI 43 of 2003.

1. Title

This Order may be cited as the Standards (Compulsory Standards)(Declaration) Order, 2003.

2. Declaration of compulsory standards

The standards set out in the First Schedule to this Order are hereby declared as compulsory standards.

3. Application

The standards declared under paragraph 2 apply to the respective commodities listed in the Second Schedule.

FIRST SCHEDULE

[Paragraph 2]

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

ZS430: 2003

BEER-SPECIFICATION

1. SCOPE

This Standard prescribes the requirements for beer.

2. PRODUCT DEFINITION

For the purpose of this Standard, the following definition of beer shall apply.

2.1 Beer shall be the product of alcoholic fermentation of a mash in potable water of malted barley and hops or hops’ concentrates with or without the addition of other malted or unmated cereals or other carbohydrates preparations. Hops substitutes, bitter principles and saponins from any source shall not be used.

2.2 Beer

An alcoholic beverage containing 1.7 percent ethyl alcohol by volume.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Contaminants

The limits of contaminants in the beer shall be those prescribed by law from time to time.

3.2 Colorants

Beer shall be free from any artificial colour except caramel product from sugar.

3.3 Preservatives

Beer may contain preservatives permitted by law. The limits shall be those prescribed by law.

3.4 Pasteurization

When effectively pasteurised, beer shall be free from coliform bacteria and other pathogenic micro-organisms.

3.5 Organoleptic

Beer shall be clear and have characteristics of colour, taste bouquet and foam of its type.

3.6 Requirements of beer

Beer shall also comply with the requirements set out in the Table set out below.

Characteristic	Requirements<FT:Calibri,SN>
(a) Ethyl alcohol content at ambient temperature per cent v/v, min	1,7
(b) pH, min	2,4
(c) Head retention, see, min	8,0
(d) Carbon dioxide	0,45-0,52
(e) Carbon dioxide	2,35-2,65
(f) Air in headspace, ml/Units, max	2,0
(g) Sulphur dioxide, mg/kg, max	1,5
(h) Iron, mg/kg, max	0,20
(i) Copper, mg/kg, max	0,10
(j) Lead, mg/kg, max	0,10
(k) Cadmium, mg/kg max	0,001

4. HYGIENE

The product covered by the provision of this standard shall be prepared in accordance with the appropriate sections of ZS 034-General Principles of Food Hygiene Code of Practice and as required by the Public Health Act of the Laws of Zambia.

5. PACKING

5.1 General

The product shall be packed in clean and sound containers and the container shall be hermitically sealed after packing. Closures shall be clean at the time of capping or seaming.

5.1.1. Washing

Bottles shall be cleaned by a suitable automatic process immediately before being filled. The process shall include a pre-soak or pre-rinse; soaking or jetting with an efficient cleaning solution for a sufficient time at a high enough temperature to ensure thorough cleaning; and thorough rinsing with potable water to remove all traces of the cleaning solution from the bottles. The rinsed bottles shall not give an alkaline reaction when tested with an alcoholic solution of phenolphthalein.

5.2 Inspection

The interior and neck finish of bottles shall be free from chips, cracks and other defects.

Bottles shall be inspected both before and after filling and defective bottles and products shall be rejected.

5.3 Cans

Cans shall be free from dents, corrosion and serious internal scratches or other lacquer imperfections.

5.4 Filling and sealing

Containers shall be filed under strictly hygienic conditions by means of automatic equipment maintained in a hygienic state. The open ends of containers shall not be touched by hand. Immediately after filling, the containers shall be hermetically sealed. Sealing machines shall be kept clean and contamination of the product from soiled equipment or detached, particles of material shall be avoided.

6. LABELLING

6.1 In addition to the provision of ZS 033-Labelling of repacked foods, the following specific provisions shall be declared on each container or on its label or seal:

(a) the full name and address of the manufacturer;

(b) the name of the product;

(d) batch or code number;

(e) range of alcohol content;

(f) contents in ml; and

(g) “best before” followed by the date.

6.2 The container may also be marked with the ZS mark upon application by the manufacturer and approval by the Zambia Bureau of Standards.

7. SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS

7.1 The Methods of sampling analysis shall be in accordance with DZS* Alcoholic beverages-methods of sampling and analysis.

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARD

ZAMBIAN STANDARD

ZS438: 2003

BISCUITS – Specification

1. SCOPE

This Zambian Standard prescribes the essential requirements and methods of sampling and tests for biscuits baked from dough made from essential materials specified under clause 2 and with or without the addition of other ingredients specified in clause 3.

2. ESSENTIAL MATERIALS

The following material shall be used in the preparation of biscuits dough.

2.1 Wheat flour. Complying with the requirements of ZS 435: for wheat flour.

2.2 Fat or shortening. Hydrogenated edible vegetable oil, bakery shortenings, refined edible oils, butter oil (ghee) or margarine.

2.3 Water: potable water for human consumption and for food processing industry.

2.4 Edible common salt conforming to requirements of ZS 341: Zambia Standard Specification for Edible Salt.

3. OPTIONAL INGREDIENTS

In addition to the essential ingredients specified under clause 2, any of the following ingredients may be used.

3.1. Cereal and cereal products

Whole Wheat Meal

Semolina

Edible Starches

Malt Flour

3.2. Oil seed and oil seed products

Soya bean

Groundnuts (peanuts)

Peanut butter

Edible ground flour

3.3 milk and milk products

Milk (liquid or powder)

Buttermilk

Cheese

3.4 Sweeteners

Sugar (sucrose)

Liquid glucose

Dextrose monohydrate

Jaggery

Molasses (edible) cane

Lactose

Malt extract

Invert syrup

Honey

3.5 Fruit and fruit products

Copra

Dry fruits

Edible nuts

Pectin

Jam

3. 6 Spices

Ginger

Chilli powder

Black powder

Cardamon

Cumin

Other spices permitted by the Zambia Bureau of Standards

3.7 Miscellaneous

Coffee powder

Cocoa powder

Covering chocolate

Edible vegetables

3.8 Enzymes and gluten conditioners. Proteolytic and amylases, sodium bisulphate and sodium metabisulphit or sulphur dioxide.

3.9 Food additives

3.9.1 Flavour: Flavouring essences, improvers and fixers.

3.9.2 Colouring matter: Only permitted colours according to Zambia Bureau of Standards and meeting the relevant Zambia Standards.

3.9.3 Antioxidants – Tartaric acid and citric acid.

3.9.4 Emulsifying Agents – Such as lecithin and glycerol monostreerata

3.10 Leaving agents

Baking powder

Ammonium bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate

Ammonium carbonate

Active bakeries yeast

(Seccaaromyces cerevities any other approved aerating agent).

4. REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General requirements. The biscuits shall be properly baked with no signs of under-baking or over-baking so that they are crispy and have uniform texture and appearance. The design, if any, on the biscuits should be clear. They shall have an agreeable flavour typical of well-baked biscuits of different types and shall be free from any soapy or bitter after-taste, rancid taste and odour. The biscuits shall be free from microbial contamination, moulds and insert infestation.

NOTE:

The appearance, taste, odour, and rancid flavour shall be determined by orsanoleptic tests.

4.2 Types of biscuits

4.2.1 Filled biscuits, shall be biscuits sandwiched with a filling of either cream, jam, jelly, marshmallow, caramel figs raising, or the like.

NOTE:

For the purpose of this standard, ‘Cream means basically a homogenous mixed preparations of hydrosenated fat of bakery shortening. Icing sugar, flavours and permitted food colours (See 3.10.2) with or without other ingredients in small proportions.

4.2.2 Coated biscuits. Shall be biscuits as such or with the filing in between, but coated with chocolate, caramel or icing sugar.

4.3 Biscuits shall be manufactured, stored and handled under hygienic conditions in accordance with ZC 034. Code of hygienic conditions for food and food processing units.

4.4 Biscuits shall also comply with the requirements set out in Table 1.

Table 1: Requirement for biscuits

Characteristic per cent by mass max	Requirements	Method for Test (Ref. To App.)<FT:Calibri,SN>
Moisture	6.0	B
Acid insoluble ash (on dry basis)	0.05	C
Acidity of extracted fat (as Oleic acid)	1.0	D

5. PACKAGING AND MARKING

5.1 Packaging. Biscuits shall be packed in clean, sound containers, made of tinplate, PVC sheets, cellophane paper, cardboard paper or other suitable materials in such a way as to protect them from breakage, contamination, absorption of moisture and seepage of fat from the biscuits into packing materials.

5.2 Biscuits shall not come in direct contact with the packing materials other than greaseproof or sulphite paper, cellulose film, or any other non toxic packaging material which may be covered with a moisture proof film, waxed paper or moisture-proof laminates or coated paper.

5.3 Making. In addition to the requirement of Zambian Standard on labelling of prepacked foods, ZS 033: the following particulars shall be clearly and indelibly marked on the label on each container:

5.3.1 Name of the product

5.3.2 Name and address of manufacturer

5.3.3 Batch or code number

5.3.4 Net weight in grams (g) or kilogramme (kg)

6. SAMPLING

The method of drawing representative samples of the biscuits and the criteria for conformity shall be as prescribed in Appendix A.

APPENDIX A

Sampling biscuits

A1. General requirements of Sampling

A1.1 In drawing, preparing storing and handling samples, the following precautions and directions shall be observed.

A1.2 Samples shall be taken in a protected place not exposed to damp air, dust or root.

A1.3 Precautions shall be taken to protect the samples, the lots being sampled, the sampling instrument and the containers for samples from adventitious contamination.

A1.4 Loose biscuit samples, or the representative small packs shall be placed in air tight, clean and dry gloss, tin or aluminium containers of appropriate size.

A1.5 The samples shall be stored at room temperature.

A1.6 Such container containing the samples shall be sealed air tight and marked with full details of sampling such as date and time of sampling, batch or code number, name of the manufacturer, and other relevant particulars.

A2. Scale of sampling

A2.1 Lot. All the biscuit containers in single consignment drawn from the same batch of manufacture shall constitute a lot. If the consignment is declared to consist of different batches or manufacture, it shall constitute lots.

A2.1.1 Samples shall be tested for ascertaining the conformity of the biscuits to the requirements of the specification.

A2.2 The number of containers to be sampled from each lot shall depend on the size of the lot and be in accordance with Table 2.

A2.3 The containers to be selected at random from each lot and for this purpose, random number tables shall be used. In case such tables are not available, the following procedure shall be adopted.

Starting from any container, count them as 1, 2, 3 up to R and so on in order, where is equal to the integral part of the value N/n, being the total number of containers in the lot and the number of containers to be selected (see Table 2). Every container thus counted shall be separated until the required number of containers is obtained from the lot.

Table 2 ZS 438: 2003

Lot Size N	Sample Size N
UP to 50	2
51 to 150	3
151 to 300	4
301 to 500	4
501 to and above	5

A3. Test samples and reference samples

A3.1 Draw from each selected container the required number of biscuit packs. These packs shall be opened and mixed. If the container is packed with loose biscuits, samples of the required quantity shall be taken from different parts of the selected container.

A3.2 Preparation of individual sample – From the selected containers about 600g of biscuits shall be taken from the different packs of the container. From this about 300g of the biscuits shall be taken for testing the general requirements. This 300g of biscuits shall be divided into 3 equal parts, of the purchaser, another for the vendor and the third for the reference. These biscuits shall be packed in air-tight, dry containers and labelled with particulars as given in A1.5.

A3.3 Preparation of composite sample

A3.3.1The composit sample shall be prepared from the remaining 300g of biscuits from each selected container, after the sample for general requirements is taken out as given in A3.3.1.1 to A3.3.1.3.

A3.3.1.1 Plain biscuits. Grind the samples as quickly as possible.

A3.3.1.2 Filled biscuits. The cream, caramel, chocolate, marshmallow, jam, jelly or any other filling between biscuits should be removed by gently scraping, before powdering the sample.

A3.3.1.3 Coated and Filled Biscuits. As far as possible, the coating and the fillings should be removed before powdering the biscuits.

NOTE:

The biscuits are highly hygroscopic and take up moisture quickly when exposed to the atmosphere. The preparation of sample should be done very quickly, preferably in a dry place.

A3.3.2 A small but approximately equal quality of the material (see A3.3.1) shall be taken from the powdered sample of each selected container and mixed thoroughly so as to form a composite sample weighing not less than 200g. This sample shall be divided approximately into three equal parts, one for the purchaser, another for the vender and the third for reference. These parts shall be transferred immediately to clean, air-tight and dry containers which are then sealed air tight labelled with particulars as given in A1.5

A3.3.3 The remaining portions of the powdered sample from each selected container (after a small quantity needed for the formation of the composite sample has been taken out) shall be divided approximately into three equal parts. These parts shall be transferred to clean, dry containers and treated the particulars given in A1.5 the sample in each such sealed container shall constitute an individual test sample. These individual samples shall be separated into three identical sets or test samples in such a way that each set has a sample representing each selected container (see Table 2). One of these sets shall be marked for the purchaser, another for the vendor and the third for the referee.

A3.4 Referee Sample. Referee samples shall consist of a set of individual biscuit samples (A3.2 marked for general requirements, a composit sample (see A3.2) marked for general requirements, a composite sample (see A3.3.2) and a set of individual test samples (see A3.3.3.3) and shall bear the seals of the purchaser and the vendor. These shall be kept at a place agreed to between the two.

A4 Number of tests

A4.1 The biscuits selected according to A3.2 shall be tested for general requirements.

A4.2 Test for moisture shall be conducted individually on each of the samples constituting a set of individual test samples (see A3.3.3).

A4.3 Tests for the determination of acid insoluble ash and acidity of extracted fat shall be conducted on the composite sample (see A3.3.2)

A5. Criteria for conformity

A5.1 A lot shall be declared as conforming to the requirements of the specification for biscuits when the criteria given in A5.1.1 to A5.1.3 are satisfied.

A5.1.1 In case of general requirements, the biscuits shall satisfy the requirements as given in 4.1.

A5.1.2 For acid insoluble ash and acidity of extracted fat, the test results obtained from the composite sample (see A4.3) shall be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and 1.0 percent respectively (see Table 1)

APPENDIX B

DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE

B1. APPARATUS

B1.1. Moisture dish - Made of porcelain, slice, glass or aluminium

B1.2 Oven - Electric maintained at 105 ± 1°C

B1.3 Desiccators

B2. PROCEDURE

B2.1 Weigh accurately about 5g of the prepared sample (see A3.3.3) in the moisture dish previously dried in the oven and weighed. Place the dish in the oven maintained at 105 ± 1°C for 4 hours. Cool in the Desiccator and weigh. Repeat the process of drying, cooling and weighing at 30-minute intervals until the difference between the two consecutive weighing is less than one milligramme. Record the lowest mass.

B3. CALCULATION

B3.1 Moisture, percent by mass = 100(m1-m2)/31 - m

Where

m1 = mass in g of the dish with the material before drying.

m2 = mass in g of the dish with material after drying to constant weight, and

m = mass in g of the empty dish.

APPENDIX C

DETERMINATION OF ACID INSOLUBLE ASH

C1. Apparatus

C1.1 Muffle Furnace

Maintained at 600° ± 20°C

C1.2 Water –bath

C1.3 Desiccator

C2. REAGENT

C2.1 Dilute Hydrochloride Acid. Approximately SN, prepared from concentrated hydrochloric acid.

C3. PROCEDURE

C3.1 Weigh accurately about 20g of the biscuit powder (A3.3.2) in the previously weighed dish and ash in the muffle furnace at 600° ± 20°C until grey ash is obtained. Remove the dish from the furnace and allow it to cool at room temperature. Add 25 ml of the hydrochloric acid to the dish, cover with a watch glass and heat on a boiling water bath for 10 minutes. Mix the contents with tip of a glass rod and filter through What man filter paper No. 42 or its equivalent. Wash the filter paper with water until the washings are free from acid tasted with a blue litmus paper. Return the washed filter paper to the dish for ashing in the muffle furnace as above. Cool the dish in the desiccators and weigh. Again ignite the dish for half an hour in the furnace, cool and weigh. Repeat this operation until the dish has the constant mass. The difference between successive weighing being less than 1 mg. Filter paper, wash, ash and weigh it as in the case of acid insoluble ash. Substitute its mass from the mass of insoluble ash of the sample.

C4. CALCULATION

C4.1 Acid insoluble ash percent by mass (A) = 100 (cm 1 – m)/ m2

Where

m1 = mass in g of the dish containing acid insoluble ash (see Note)

m = mass in g of empty dish in which the sample is taken for ashing, and

m2 = mass in g of the sample

NOTE:

Collect the acid insoluble ash mass for the blank of filter paper, if any.

C4.2 Acid in insoluble ash, per cent by mass (dry basis) = A x 100/100-m

Where

A = acid insoluble ash, per cent by mass (C4.1), and

m = percentage of moisture in the biscuits (A3.1).

APPENDIX D

DETERMINATION OF ACIDITY OF EXTRACTED FAT

D1. APPARATUS

D1.1 Soxhlet apparatus. With a 250ml of flat bottom flask.

D2. REAGENTS

D2.1. Petroleum Ether. Boiling point 40°C to 80°C.

D2.2 Benzene-alcohol-

Phenolphthalein Stock Solution.

To one litre of distilled benzene add one litre of alcohol or rectified spirit and 0.4g of phenolphthalein. Mix the content well.

D2.3 Standard Potassium Hydroxide Solution. 0.0SN

D3. PROCEDURE

D3.1 Weigh accurately about 10g of biscuit powder (A.3.3.2) and transfer it to the thimble and plug it from the top with extracted cotton and filter paper. Dry the thimble with the contents for 15 to 30^thminutes at 100°C in an oven. Take the weight of empty dry soxhlet flask. Extract the fat in the soxhlet apparatus for 3 to 4 hours and evaporate off the solvent in the flask on a water bath. Remove the traces of the residual solvent by keeping the flask in the hot air oven for about half an hour and weigh. Cool the flask and add 50ml of mixed benzene-alcohol-phenolphthalein reagent (D2.2) and titrate the content of a distinct pink colour with the potassium taken in a 10ml micro burette. If the contents of the flask become cloudy, during titration add another 50ml of the reagent (D2.2) and continue titration. Make a blank titration of the 50ml reagent. Subtract from the tire of the fat, the blank tire.

D4. CALCULATION

D4.1. Acidity of extracted fat (as oleic acid), per cent by mass = 1.41 x V/m1-m

Where

V= Volume of 0.05N potassium hydroxide solution used in titration after subtracting the blank:

m1 = mass in g of Soxhlet flask containing fat, and

m = mass in g of empty Soxhlet flask.

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

ZAMBIAN STANDARD

ZS019: 2003

CATTLE FEEDS- Specifications

1. SCOPE

This Zambian Standard prescribes specification for the following dairy cattle feeds:

- Calf meal

- Low dairy feed

- Medium dairy feed

- High dairy feed

2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following reference has been made in this standard:

ZS 189-Mealie meal: Roller meal

3. TERMINOLOGY

3.1 General definitions

3.1.2.1 Feed. A compound mixture of nutritional ingredients intended to be fed without further admixture of other materials.

3.1.2 Concentrate. A compound mixture which, when mixed with ground grain of normal composition in the proportions stated by the manufacturer, produces a resultant feed equal in all respects to the feed of relevant designation as specified in the Table set out in the Appendix.

3.2 DEFINITION OF DESIGNATIONS

3.2.1.1 Calf Feed. A feed suitable for calves and young growing cattle. It is designed to supplement substantial intake of hay or grazing, and for feeding to be continued until adequate nutrition for the class of stock concerned, is obtained from grazing alone or from grazing with alternative forms of supplement.

3.2.1.2 Dairy feed. A feed suitable for lactating dairy cows and is designed to provide the nutritional requirements for milk production when fed at a rate of 450gm of feed per kg of milk (3.8% butterfat) produced.

3.3 Definition of terms

3.3.1 Crude Protein percentage. The percentage of nitrogen multiplied by 6.25. The percentage of nitrogen is to be determined by the standard modified Kjeldahl technique.

3.3.2 Crude fibre percentage. The percentage of cellulose, hemi cellulose and lignin as determined by the method described in appendix C to Zambian Standard ZS 189 Mealie Meal.

3.3.3 Crude fat Percentage. The percentage of ether soluble substances as determined by the method described in Appendix B to Zambian Standard ZS 189 Mealie Meal.

3.3.4 Metabolisable energy. The amount of gross energy contained in the feed after subtracting energy in the faeces and urine, which is available for metabolism of the animal.

4. SPECIFICATION AND REGULATIONS

4.1 General

The following regulations shall apply to all feeds or concentrates:

4.1.1 Quality. Raw materials shall not be in unsound, decomposed or deteriorated condition.

4.1.2 Contamination. Feeds and concentrates shall be free of pathogenic organisms.

4.1.3 Mycotoxis. Raw Material shall contain not more than 2% fungal infected grain.

4.1.4 Urea. Urea or other non-protein nitrogenous substances shall not be incorporated into cattle feeds unless specified.

4.1.5 Free Fatty Acids. The level of free fatty acids (expressed, as oleic acid in feeds shall not exceed 20% of the crude fat content.

4.1.6 Containers and Labelling. Feeds and concentrates shall be packed in containers which are sound and clean and which have not been previously used. Every container shall bear the following particulars printed or indelibly inscribed thereon or upon a label attached thereto or in the case of a bulk delivery upon the invoice delivered with the consignment:

(a) Name of manufacturer or brand name;

(b) Batch number or code or date of manufacture;

(d) Declared proportion of Urea, Crude Protein, Crude Fibre and Crude Fat;

(e) if a concentrate, the proportion in which it is to be mixed with other materials; and

(f) Particulars of additives.

Where labels are used, a duplicate label shall be enclosed within the container.

4.1.7 Vitamins: Vitamin preparations added to cattle feeds, licks or concentrates shall be in a stabilised form.

4.1.8 Designation of Feed and Concentrates. Feed and concentrates shall be designated by the names mentioned in clause 1.

4.1.9 Additives. No additive, antibiotic substance, drug or mineral may be added to or included in a feed or concentrate other than such ingredients required to satisfy the standard specifications shown in the Table:

(a) Flavourings designed to improve palatability may be included at the manufacturer’s discretion:

(b) Where a consignment or batch of feed or concentrate is prepared specifically for a consumer or group of consumers, substances may be added upon the express written instructions of the consumer, provided that:

(i) Such additions are made in accordance with the provisions of the Therapeutic Substances Act, Cap. 310. of the Laws of Zambia, and are not prohibited by any other enactment or statutory regulations.

(ii) the natures and quantities of such additions are clearly stated upon each and every container of the feed or concentrate in accordance with clause 3.1.6 above.

4.2. COMPLIANCE WITH SPECIFICATIONS

Feeds purporting to comply with this standard shall conform to the relevant specification shows in the table. The same specification shall apply pro rata to concentrates according to the terms of the definition in clause 2.2 above.

5. SAMPLING AND TESTING

5.1 Representative samples shall be drawn according to the methods prescribed in Appendices F, G, H and J to Zambian Standard ZS 189 Mealie meal.

APPENDIX

TABLE CATTLE FEEDS SPECIFICATIONS

Characteristics	Calf meat	High Production daily meal	Medium Production daily meal	Low Production daily meal
Metabolisable Energy Kcl/kg, min	2500	2600	2500	2350
Crude protein per cent min	17	20+	16-19	14-16
Crude fibre per cent min	5.0	7	7	7
Crude fat per cent, max	3	3	3	3
Moisture per cent max	12.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
VITAMIN min.	6000	6000	6000	6000
AIU/kg	600	600	600	600
D3IU/kg	3	3	3	3
EIU/kg	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
K3	1.10	1.10	1.10	1.10
Riboflavin, mg/kg	20	20	20	20
Niacin, mg/kg	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Panthothenic acid, mg/kg
Folic acid
Biotin	440	440	440	440
Chorine, mg/kg
MINERALS, min.
Manganese, ppm	40	40	40	40
Copper, ppm	10	10	10	10
Iron.ppm	50	50	50	50
Zinc, ppm	40	40	40	40
Selenium, ppm	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iodine, ppm	0.1	0.6	0.6	0.6
Cobalt, ppm	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Calcium, %	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
Phosphorus, %	0.75	0.75	0.7	0.7
Magnesium%	0.3	0.3	0.25	0.25
Salt, %	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5

ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

ZAMBIAN STANDARD

ZS431: 2003

COMPOUND FERTILIZERS - Specification

1. SCOPE

This standard specifies requires, sampling and test methods for compound fertilisers.

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this document the following definitions apply:

2.1 Fertiliser

Material, the main function of which is to provide plant nutrients.

2.2 Fertiliser blend

Fertiliser containing at least two of the macronutrients obtained by mixing raw materials different in chemical composition. This is done following a specific required proportion of the macronutrients.

2.3 Compound Fertilizer

Fertiliser having a content of at least two of the plant nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium obtained chemically or by blending or by blending or both.

2.4 Crystals

Particles of chemical substances formed by chemical bonding of molecules. The Particles have a definite and regular shape. Examples of this are salt and sugar crystals.

2.5 Granular fertiliser

Fertiliser having a particle size range of 3mm to 5mm. The particles are manufactured such that they can be easily crushed between the fingers.

2.6 Prilled fertilizer

Fertiliser having a particle size range of 1mm to 3mm. The particles are manufactured such that they can be easily crushed between the fingers.

2.7 Macro-nutrients

The elements nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.

2.8 Micro-nutrients

Elements such as boron, iron, manganese, Zinc, copper, molybdenum, cobalt or any other nutrient, essential, in relatively small quantities for plant growth.

3 REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Physical requirements

3.1.1 General

Compound fertiliser shall be in the form of granules, prills or crystals. The product shall be homogenous and free flowing.

3.1.2 Partical size

Not less than 90% (m/m) shall be in the particle size range 1mm to 5mm.

3.2 Chemical requirements

Macronutrients. Compound fertiliser shall contain at least two of the macronutrients nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (k).

3.2.2 Micronutrients and other nutrients*.

Compound fertiliser shall also contain at least one of the following:

Boron (B)	Iron (Fe)	Molybdenum (Mon)
Calcium (Ca)	Magnesium (Mg)	Sulphur (s)
Copper (Cu)	Manganese (Mn)	Zinc (Zn)

3.2.3 Specific requirements. Compound fertiliser shall comply with the specifications in tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1: SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT FOR COMPOUND FERTILIZERS.

Characteristic	Requirement	Method of test
Moisture content, per cent m/n max	1.0	Appendix B.1
pH of 10% solution, min	5.5	Appendix B.3

<FT:Calibri,SN>*magnesium, sulphur and calcium are not micronutrients.

ZS431.2003

TABLE 2 (A): FERTILIZER MIXTURES-SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

Compound fertiliser		N	P2O5	K2O	B	Zn
B: 4:18:15	Max	5	20	17	4	0.1
	Min	3	16	13	4
C: 6:18:15	Max	8	20	17	4	0.1
	Min	5	16	13	4	0.1
D: 8:18:15	Max	10	20	17	4	0.1
	Mini	7	16	13
S: 6:18:6	Max	8	20	7
	Min	5	16	5	0.04
X: 20:10:5	Max	22	12	6
	Min	18	8	4
J: 15:5:20	Max	17	6	22
	Min	13	4	18
3:2:1(25)	Max	13	21	6
	Min	10	17	4	4	0.1
23:21:0+45	Max	25	22		5
	Min	20	18		3
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